广州市大学生校园暴力发生情况与危险因素

目的 了解广州市大学生校园暴力发生情况,探讨施暴和受暴的危险因素。方法 以2010年广州市高校在校本科生为调查对象,采取分层整群抽样的方法抽取3所高校,对其中的2200名大学生实施校园暴力及其影响因素问卷调查,共回收有效问卷2103份。采用卡方检验分析校园暴力的性别、年级、专业分布情况。对可能影响校园暴力中施暴和受暴的因素进行非条件logistic回归分析。结果 广州市大学生校同暴力发生率为69.9％( 1471/2103),男、女生校园暴力发生率分别为75.6％ (830/1098)、63.8％ (641/1005)( x2= 34.82,P＜0.05)。校园暴力施暴和受暴发生率分别为63.6％ (1338/2103)、55.3％( 1163/2103),男生施暴和受暴发生率分别为70.9％ (778/1098)、60.0％ (659/1098),女生施暴和受暴发生率分别为55.7％( 560/1005)、50.1％ (504/1005) (x2施暴=51.93,x2受暴=20.68,P值均＜0.01)。精神暴力发生率最高,为68.0％(1430/2103),其次为性暴力,发生率为34.2％ (719/2103),躯体暴力最低,为16.5％( 348/2103)。Logistic回归分析显示,男生(OR= 1.60)、文科专业(OR= 1.82)、非独生子女（OR =1.31）、生活费不足(基本够用OR= 1.35,不够用OR= 1.54)、玩电脑游戏(OR= 1.70)、玩滑板等特技(0R=2.03)、喜欢暴力节目（一般OR=1.30,喜欢0R=1.44）、母亲有赌博行为(OR =4.29)、父亲放纵型教养方式(OR= 1.60)、高中之前有时遭他人欺负（OR =1.61）、对学校现行环境和制度不满(没什么特别感觉OR= 1.67,有部分不满OR=1.89)、小学老师对自己有不良行为（有1种时OR =1.35,有2种及以上时OR= 1.90）（P值均＜0.05）是校园暴力施暴的危险因素。男生(0R=1.23)、少数民族(OR=1.71)、非独生子女(OR= 1.39)、自身有不良行为习惯（OR= 1.32）、家庭经济困难（一般OR= 1.51,困难OR= 1.88）、母亲有赌博行为(OR =2.33)、父亲放纵型教养方式(0R=1.37)、偶尔被母亲体罚(OR= 1.35)、高中之前曾遭他人欺负（有时OR= 1.61,经常OR= 1.85）、上学期间压力大(有点大OR= 1.37,非常大OR= 1.40)、对学校现行环境和制度不满（有部分不满OR= 1.56,完全不满OR =2.04）、小学老师对自己有不良行为(有1种时OR= 1.70,有2种及以上时OR=2.04)（P值均＜0.05）是校园暴力受暴的危险因素。结论 广州市大学生校园暴力现象较严重,尤其是精神暴力和性暴力,校园暴力施暴和受暴的危险因素种类多。

Analysis on the incidence and risk factors of campus violence among college students in Guangzhou

Objective To explore the incidence and risk factors of campus violence in Guangzhou. Methods 2200 college students in three universities in Guangzhou were selected by cluster sampling method and were interviewed with self-designed questionnaire about the incidence and risk factors of campus violence in 2010. The final analysis sample was 2103. Chi-square test was used to analyze the gender,grade and major distribution of campus violence. Logistic regression method was used to analyze the influencing factors of campus violence in bulby and victim. Results The incidence of campus violence in Guangzhou was 69.9％ ( 1471/2103 ). In boys and girls the incidence of campus violence was 75.6％(830/1098) and 63.8％ (641/1005)(x2 =34. 82,P ＜0.05). The incidence of bully and victim of campus violence was 63.6％ (1338/2103) and 55.3％ (1163/2103). The incidence of bully and victim in boys was 70.9％ (778/1098) and 60.0％ (659/1098) ,and in girls was 55.7％ (560/1005) and 50.1％ (504/1005)(x2bully = 51.93,x2vietim=20.68, P ＜ 0.01 ). The incidence of psychological violence was the highest (68.0％1430/2103) ,followed by sexual violence (34.2％ ,719/2103 ), the incidence of physical violence was the lowest( 16.5％ ,348/2103). Results of logistic regression showed that boys( OR = 1.60) ,arts( OR = 1.82),with siblings( OR = 1.31 ), the living expenses was not enough ( basic enough OR = 1.35, not enough OR =1.54 ), playing the computer games ( OR = 1.70 ), playing tricks such as sliding plate ( OR = 2.03 ), loving violence program ( general OR = 1.30, very like OR = 1.44 ), mother with gamble behavior ( OR = 4.29 ),father's indulgent education style ( OR = 1.60 ), been bullied by others before high school ( OR = 1.61 ),dissatisfaction to the environment and rules of campus ( nothing special feeling OR = 1.67, some dissatisfaction OR = 1.89 ), been treated badly by primary school teacher ( one kind OR = 1.35, two kinds and above OR = 1.90) were the risk factors of bully. Boys( OR = 1.23 ), minority( OR = 1.71 ) ,with siblings ( OR = 1.39) ,bad behavior and habit( OR = 1.32) ,the bad family economic conditions( general OR = 1.51,difficult OR = 1.88 ), mother with gamble behavior( OR = 2.33 ), father' s indulgent education style ( OR =1.37), occasional physical punishment by mother ( OR = 1.35 ), been bullied by others before high school ( sometimes OR = 1.61 ,often OR = 1.85 ) ,high pressure during the study( a little high OR = 1.37 ,very high OR = 1.40 ), dissatisfaction to the environment and rules of campus ( some dissatisfaction OR = 1.56,completely dissatisfaction OR =2.04), been treated badly by primary school teacher( one kind OR = 1.70,two kinds and above OR = 2.04) were the risk factors of being victim. Conclusion The campus violence in Guangzhou is serious, especially the psychological violence and sexual violence. And the risk factors of campus violence in bully and victim are multifold.