北京早产儿视网膜病变筛查和高危因素分析

目的 了解我国早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)防治指南出台后，北京新 生儿监护病房(NICU)中ROP的 发病率和全身高危因素。方法 对2005年1月1日至2005年12月31日在北 京六家医院NICU 住院的胎龄≤34周或体重≤2000 g的早产儿进行ROP筛查,同时对其全身的情况进行记录 ，分析ROP发生的相关因素。结果 六家医院NICU符合筛查标准 并完成ROP筛查的患 儿639例中，发现ROP患儿69例，占10.8％。69例ROP患儿中，达到阈值或阈值前病变1型需要 进行眼底激光光凝治疗者23例39只眼，占3.6％。ROP发生的相关因素分析发现，出生体重越 低，出生孕周越小，ROP发病率越高。相关因素的Logistic回归分析结果表明，低出生体重 、贫血、呼吸暂停>20 s、缺血缺氧脑病和胎盘早剥是ROP形成的高危因素。结论 ROP防治指 南出台后，北京NICU中ROP发生率10.8%。低出生体重、贫血、呼吸暂停>20s，缺血缺氧脑 病和胎盘早剥是ROP形成的高危因素。

Analysis on incidence of retinopathy of prematurityr and its risk factors in Beijing

Objective To determine the incidence of and risk fact ors for retino pathy of prematurity (ROP) among preterm infants in Beijing after implementation of the ROP guidelines. Methods The preterm infants with birth weight ≤ 2000 g or gestational age ≤ 3 4 weeks who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care units in 6 hospitals in Beijing from Jan. 1, 2005 to Dec. 31, 2005 were screened. Ophthalmologic examin ations started 3-4 weeks after birth and ROP was classified by the revised Inte r national Classification. Maternal and perinatal risk factors of occurrence of R OP were analyzed. Results In the 639 infants who had been scre ened in the 6 ho spitals, ROP was detected in 69 (10.8%), in whom 23 infants (39 eyes) (3.6%) had type 1 ROP and underwent photocoagulation. The lower the birth weight and small er the gestational age was, the higher the incidence of ROP was. Logistic regres sion analysis indicated that low birth weight, apnea >20 seconds, anemia, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and placenta abruption were the high risk factor of R O P.Conclusion In Beijing the incidence of ROP is 10.8% after i mplementation of the ROP guidelines. Low birth weight, apnea >20 seconds, anemia, hypoxic ischem ic encephalopathy and placenta abruption were the high risk factor of ROP.