566例重症患者下呼吸道标本病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的了解呼吸科、重症监护室(ICU)、脑外科等科室重症患者下呼吸道标本病原菌分布及耐药性。方法通过对2005年1月到2008年12月566例呼吸道标本进行病原菌分析及耐药性监测。结果566例标本共培养病原菌498株,阳性率88.0%。革兰阴性杆菌323株(64.9%),其中铜绿假单胞菌76株(15.3%)、肺炎克雷伯菌60株(12.1%)、不动杆菌属52株(10.4%)、大肠埃希菌45株(9.0%)和嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌22株(4.4%);肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌产超广谱内酰胺酶(ESBLs)率分别为57.6%和50.4%。革兰阳性球菌89株(17.9%)。其中肠球菌30株(6.0%)、金黄色葡萄球菌25株(5.0%)、表皮葡萄球菌20株(4.0%);酵母样菌86株(17.2%)。药物敏感试验显示,舒普深、亚胺培南、哌拉西林联合他唑巴坦、环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星和丁胺卡那霉素对革兰阴性杆菌敏感率较高;葡萄球菌、肠球菌对万古霉素敏感率分别为100%、96.7%。结论重症患者感染率高,药物敏感差异性大,临床医生应根据药敏试验结果合理使用抗生素,以减少医院感染和耐药菌株的产生及传播。

Analysis on the pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance of the patients with severe lower rspiratory tract specimens and pathogenic bacteria distribution

Objective To study the pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance of the patients with severe lower respiratory tract specimens.Methods 566 pathogenic bacteria of respiratory tract samples collected from Jan.2005 to Dec.2008 were analysed and the drug resistance was kept watch on.Results A total of 566 samples were cultured into 498 strains of pathogens,with the positive rate of 88.0%,and 323 srins of Gram-negative bacteria accounting for 64.9%,of which 76 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa(15.3%),...