奥氮平与利培酮治疗儿童青少年首发精神分裂症对照研究

目的探讨奥氮平与利培酮治疗儿童青少年首发精神分裂症的临床疗效及安全性。方法将78例儿童青少年首发精神分裂症患者按人院顺序以奇偶法分成两组，奥氮平组38例，口服奥氮平治疗，利培酮组40例，口服利培酮治疗，观察8周。于治疗前及治疗第2周、4周、6周、8周末采用简明精神病量表评定临床疗效，副反应量表评定不良反应。结果治疗后两组简明精神病量表评分均较治疗前显著下降（P〈O．05或0．01）；奥氮平组治疗2周末较利培酮组下降更显著（P〈O．05），其他时段评分两组比较差异均无显著性（P〉0．05）；治疗8周末，奥氮平组总有效率为89．5％，利培酮组为85．0％，两组总有效率比较差异无显著性（x^2=0．35，P〉0．05）；两组不良反应均较轻微，发生率比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论奥氮平与利培酮治疗儿童青少年首发精神分裂症患者疗效显著且相当，安全性高，但奥氮平起效更快，可以作为治疗儿童青少年精神分裂症患者的一线药物。

A control study of olanzapine vs. risperidone in the treatment of child and adolescent first-episode schizophrenia

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of olanzapine vs. risperidone in the treatment ol child and adolescent first-episode schizophrenia. Methods Seventy-eight child and adolescent first-episode schizophrenics were assigned to olanzapine group （n= 38） taking orally olanzapine and risperidone group （n=40） doing risperidone by means of even-odd method according to admission order and observed for 8 weeks. Efficacies were assessed with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale （BPRS） at baseline and at the end of the 2^nd, 4^th, 6^th and 8^th week and adverse reactions with the Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale （TESS）. Results After treatment the BPRS scores of both groups lowered more significantly compared with pretreatment （P〈0.05 or 0.01） ; the BPRS score lowered more significantly in olanzapine than in risperidone group at the end of the 2^nd week （P〈0.05）, but that had no significant differences in other periods （P〉0.05） ; at the end of the 8^th week, total effective rate was respectively 89.5% in olanzapine and 85.0% in risperidone group, which showed no significant difference （x^2=0. 35,P〉0.05）; adverse reactions of both groups were mild, their incidences had no significant group differences （P〉0.05）. Conclusion Both olanzapine and risperidone have an equivalent and evident effect and higher safety in the treatment of child and adolescent first-episode schizophrenia, but the former takes effect more rapidly and may be used as the first-line drug in the treatment of child and adolescent schizophrenia.