提高影像及病理诊断的规范化和准确度改善直肠癌的综合诊治水平

直肠癌是人类最为常见的恶性肿瘤之一。由于直肠肿瘤位于空间狭小且毗邻解剖结构复杂的骨盆内．追求R0切除和降低环周切缘阳性率是广大外科临床医生关注的热点问题。笔者复习AJCC第7版直肠癌TNM分期标准以及美国病理学会指南关于直肠癌的诊断标准．倡导“诊断优先、方法规范”的理念，正确掌握和选择医学影像和病理学诊断方法是提高规范化、个体化综合治疗的关键。

Improvement of standardization and accuracy of medical imaging and pathological diagnosis for better diagnosis and treatment of rectal cancer

Rectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in human. Because rectal cancer locates in the narrow pelvis and is close to many complicated anatomic structures, seeking RO resection and decreasing the positive rate of circumferential resection margin become the focus of concern for surgeons. The authors review the diagnosis standard of rectal cancer in AJCC TNM cancer staging （seventh edition） and guideline of College of American Pathologists, and propose the concept of ＂diagnosis priority using the standardized methods＂. Selecting the correct medical imaging and pathology diagnosis methods is the key to improve the standardized and individualized comprehensive therapy.