寄生虫microRNA研究进展

microRNAs（miRNAs） 是一类大小约21～25 nt、 广泛存在于真核生物中的非编码小分子RNA， 由约70～90个碱基大小的、 具有发夹结构的单链RNA前体经过Dicer酶加工后生成。它们在真核生物基因调控中起着重要作用， 广泛参与细胞增殖、 分化、 发育、 代谢、 凋亡等多种生理活动。miRNA也广泛参与寄生虫发育过程的生理代谢过程， 而与寄生虫侵袭宿主相关的关键miRNA尚乏见报道。本文就目前常用的miRNA研究分析方法及其在寄生虫学研究中的研究进展作一综述。

Progress of research on microRNAs of parasites

microRNAs（miRNAs）are small molecules of non?coding RNA，a class size of about 21-25 nt widespread in eu? karyotes，resulting from single?stranded RNA precursors with the size of 70-90 bases of a hairpin structure generated after dicer enzyme processing. They play an important role in eukaryotic gene regulation，widely involved in cell proliferation，differentia? tion，development，metabolism，apoptosis and other physiological activities. miRNA extensively involved in the physiological and metabolic processes of the parasite development process，but the key miRNA relevant to parasite invasion of a host still lacks re? ports. This paper summarizes the miRNA analytical methods and the progress on its researches in parasitology.