2011年-2013年医院感染现患率调查分析

目的分析2011年-2013年医院感染的变化趋势，为医院感染预防与控制提供科学的依据。方法于2011—2013年连续3年依据《医院感染诊断标准》，采用床旁调查与查阅住院病历相结合的方法，对调查当日眉山市人民医院所有住院患者进行医院感染现患率调查。结果2011年-2013年医院感染现患率依次为2．99％、2.31％、1．95％，呈逐年下降趋势；感染科室分布以重症监护病房感染最多，感染部位以下呼吸道感染最多；医院感染病原菌以口菌为主，主要病原菌为肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、不动杆菌属、大肠埃希菌等；抗菌药物使用率分别是39．84％、34．58％、34．22％。结论应继续加强重点部门、重点部位的目标监测与管理，加强抗菌药物的监控与管理，提高病原菌送检率，正确使用抗菌药物。

Prevalence Rate of Nosocomial Infection from 2011 to 2013

Objective To analyze the trend of hospital infection, so as to provide a scientific basis for hospital infection prevention and control. Methods From 2011 to 2013, according to the criteria of diagnosis of nosocomial infections set up by the Ministry of Health, the prevalence rates of nosocomial infections in patients who were hospitalized on the survey day were investigated by the combination of bedside investigation and medical records checking. Results The incidence rates of nosocomial infections from 2011 to 2013 were 2.99%, 2.31% and 1.95%, respectively, presenting a downward trend. The rate of hospital infection was the highest in comprehensive Intensive Care Unit, and the main infection site was the lower respiratory tract. Gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogens causing hospital infections, including Klebliella pnermoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli. The utilization rates of antibacterial agents in these three years were respectively 39.84%, 34.58% and 34.22%. Conclusions Targeted surveillance and management of key departments and sites should be strengthened. It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance and management of antibiotics, raise the submission rate of pathogens, and use antibiotics appropriately.