汉族与维吾尔族妊娠期糖尿病妇女妊娠结局对比分析

目的对比分析汉族与维吾尔族妇女妊娠期糖尿病（gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM）的妊娠结局。方法回顾性分析作者医院内分泌科及产科2011-05／2013—05月诊治的GDM患者105例，其中汉族组57例（GDM汉族组），维吾尔族组48例（GDM维吾尔族组），对照组为妊娠期糖代谢正常孕妇121例。对比这3组妊娠结局的差异。结果GDM汉族组的年龄、孕前体质量及巨大儿发生率均明显大于对照组（P〈0．05）；GDM维吾尔族组的年龄、孕前体质量、分娩体质量、早产率及巨大儿发生率，均明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。GDM维吾尔族组的早产率和巨大儿发生率均显著高于GDM汉族组（P〈0．05）。结论GDM患者，孕妇和新生儿的不良事件发生率均高于对照组；在GDM患者中，维吾尔族孕妇较汉族孕妇更易发生妊娠相关不良事件。

Difference of Pregnancy Outcome between Han and Uighur Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Objective To discuss the pregnancy outcome between Uygur and Han women with gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM）. Methods A retrospective analysis of 105 patient with gestational diabetes （57 Han and 48 Uighur） in the authors＇ hospital in May 2011 to May 2013 was performed. A total of cases with normal glucose metabolism during pregnancy were as the control group. The difference among three groups were compared. Results Age, weight before pregnancy and the incidence of macrosomia in Han group with GDM were significantly larger than those in the control group （P〈0. 05）. Age, weight before pregnancy, weight at parturition, premature birth rate and the incidence of macrosomia in Uighur group with GDM were significantly larger than those in the control group （P〈0. 05）. The premature birth rate and the incidence of macrosomia were significantly higher in Uighur group than those in Han group. Conclusion The incidence of adverse event in the mother and newborn were higher in GDM pregnant women than the control group. In GDM patients, Uighur pregnant women are liable to adverse events.