成年树鼩实验感染丁型肝炎病毒的初步研究

在证实成年树可感染人乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）的基础上，进行了丁型肝炎病毒－乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＤＶ／ＨＢＶ）实验感染的探索。ＨＤＶ／ＨＢＶ阳性人血清经同时和重叠感染方式接种于成年树后，定期留取感染树血清及肝组织，检测血清中ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＤＡｇ、抗－ＨＤ、ＨＢＶＤＮＡ及ＨＤＶＲＮＡ，初步探讨成年树实验感染ＨＤＶ的可能性。研究发现：①成年树对人ＨＢＶ易感，ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性率为７５％，其血清学反应及肝组织病理改变与文献报道一致；②ＨＤＶ可通过同时和重叠两种方式感染成年树，感染树血清中可出现ＨＤＡｇ及抗－ＨＤ，经分子杂交证实其血清及肝内均有ＨＤＶＲＮＡ和ＨＢＶＤＮＡ存在，且可导致明显的肝细胞损伤。结果提示：成年树既可感染人ＨＢＶ也可感染ＨＤＶ，可作为研究ＨＤＶ人工感染的实验动物；成年树感染ＨＤＶ后的特点与人及黑猩猩感染时十分相似，能较好地反映人丁型肝炎的真实情况。

A Preliminary Study on the Transmission of Human Hepatitis D Virus to Adult Tupaia

On the basis of the previous experience on the transmission of human hepatitis B virus to adult tupaia, we inoculated HDV/HBV positive serum to adult tupaia by two inoculation methods (coinfection and superinfection), and tested serum HBsAg. HDAg and anti-HD by EIA, detected HBVDNA. HDVRNA in serum and liver tissue by molecular hybridization. The results showed: (1) Adult tupaia were susceptible to HBV, the positive rate of HBsAg was seventy-five percent. The serological reaction and pathologic changes in liver tissues were coincident with previous reports; (2) HDV could be experimentally tranmitted to adult tupaia by two different inoculations. HDAg and anti-HD could be detected in serum of infected tupaia, HDV RNA and HBV DNA were also positive in serum and liver issue by molecular hybridization. Liver injuries could be observed in these animals. The results indicated: 1l) Adult tupaia was susceptible to HBV and HDV, and could be used to study the experimental infection of HDV; (2) The outcomes of tupaia infected with HDV were similar to human and chimpanzee infected by HDV.