肾移植术后并发肺部真菌感染的诊断和治疗

目的探讨肾移植术后并发肺部真菌感染的诊断和治疗。方法回顾性分析68例肾移植术后肺部真菌感染患者的临床资料。男55例，女13例；平均年龄35岁。发病时间平均为术后57d。结果68例患者中，真菌培养阳性47例，阴性21例。氟康唑100mg／次，3次／d，连续10～14d，治愈41例；两性霉素B脂质体50mg／d，连续10～14d，治愈21例；死亡6例。结论肺部真菌感染是肾移植术后的严重并发症之一。死亡率较高。早期诊断和治疗效果较好。

Diagnosis and management of fungal infection of lungs following renal transplantation

To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of fungal infection of the lungs following renal transplantation. A total of 68 cases (55 males and 13 females, mean age of 35 years) fungal infection of the lungs after renal transplantation from January 2000 to December 2003 were retrospectively analyzed. The mean time from post-operation to onset of the infection was 57 days. Among the 68 cases, 26 were infected with candidiasis, 6 with candida Krusei, 6 with aspergillosis, 4 with mycormyccosis, 2 with candida parapsilosis, 2 with nocardiasis and 1 with cryptococcosis. The other 21 cases were negative for fungus-culturing test. Forty-one patients were cured with fluconazole (100 mg, 3 times per day for 10 days ), 21 with amphotericin B (50 mg per day for 10 days) and 6 died. [Conclusions] Fungal infection of the lungs is a severe complication after renal transplantation.Early diagnosis and timely treatment may achieve satisfactory effects.