A combined third and fourth branchial arch anomaly: clinical and embryological implications |
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Authors: | H. Mehrzad C. Georgalas C. Huins N. S. Tolley |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Otolaryngology, St. Mary’s Hospital, Paddington, London, UK;(2) 28 Fernwood Court, 5 Pickard Close, Southgate, London, N14 6JF, UK |
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Abstract: | Embryological abnormalities of the branchial apparatus present an interesting diagnostic and surgical challenge. Thymic cysts are a rare form of branchial apparatus anomaly, resulting from abnormal development of the third pharyngeal pouch. We present two cases of a thymic cyst coexisting with a non recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve (NRILN), two anomalies that to our knowledge have not been associated previously. A possible embryological explication for this double abnormality is discussed, while the clinical implications of this association are presented. |
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Keywords: | Thymic cyst Third pharyngeal pouch cyst Non recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve |
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