School life and influenza immunization: A cross-sectional study on vaccination coverage and influencing determinants among Polish teachers |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Zielona Góra, Zyty 28, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland;2. Department of Epidemiology and Management, Pomeranian Medical University, Zolnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland;3. Department of Epidemiology, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 4-6, 20-081 Lublin, Poland;4. Primary Medicine Clinic “Lancet”, Szkolna 9, 73-240 Bierzwnik, Poland;5. Department of Methods of Artificial Intelligence and Applied Mathematics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Zolnierska 46, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland;1. Thames Valley Public Health England Centre, Public Health England, Didcot, United Kingdom;2. Field Epidemiology Training Programme, Public Health England, United Kingdom;3. European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden;1. Department of Surgery, Section of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois;2. Department of Biostatistics, Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois;3. Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois;1. Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands;2. Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands;3. Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands;4. Department of Sociology, Interuniversity Center for Social Science Theory and Methodology (ICS), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands;5. Institute of Science in Healthy Aging and Healthcare, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Groningen, The Netherlands;1. Babes-Bolyai University, Department of Psychology, 37 Republicii Street, Cluj-Napoca, CJ 400015, Romania;2. Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveThe general public influenza vaccination coverage in Poland is one of the lowest in the EU (3.7% in 2017/2018). Teachers have the potential to be a target group for immunization programs against influenza infection, however, there is yet to be a study in Poland, or even in the EU that has assessed influenza vaccine uptake among this group. The study objective was to evaluate influenza vaccination coverage and to assess influencing determinants amongst Polish teachers.MethodA cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among 277 teachers from 9 primary schools of two regional capitals of two Polish regions: Szczecin and Lublin.ResultsA quarter of teachers have ever received influenza vaccine; 4.5% reported receiving vaccination in the 2018/2019 season. The main reasons for not being vaccinated were a lack of confidence in its effectiveness (56.9%) and concerns related to adverse effects (30.6%). Forty four percent (43.8%) of teachers believed that they are at risk of influenza infection, only 62.5% indicated vaccination as an effective method of preventing influenza. Previous information about influenza (OR = 15.70), high knowledge level about influenza (OR = 2.56), family physician recommendation (OR = 2.39), belief that influenza vaccination should be mandatory for teachers (OR = 3.29), and having a vaccinated family member (OR = 2.68) were each associated with higher odds of immunization. Willingness to be vaccinated against influenza in the next season was strongly associated with current vaccination status (OR = 7.16).ConclusionsInfluenza vaccination coverage among Polish teachers is alarmingly low; vaccine receipt was associated with teacher attitudes and beliefs. Future interventions related to maximizing vaccination coverage in this group should take advantage of the involvement of family physicians and specifically focus on teachers who have never been vaccinated before. As knowledge about influenza positively influences vaccination decisions, education strategies should focus on reducing knowledge gaps to alter attitudes and increase uptake. |
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| Keywords: | Influenza Vaccination Uptake Knowledge Determinants Teachers |
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