Development of a live attenuated duck hepatitis A virus type 3 vaccine (strain SD70) |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China;2. Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China;1. Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 200241 Shanghai, PR China;2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China;1. Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;2. Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;1. Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 201718, China;2. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 201718, China;3. Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China;4. Ecolovo Group, Nanjing 210041, China;1. Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, PR China;2. Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, PR China;3. Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, PR China;4. China Rural Technology Development Center, Beijing, 100045, PR China |
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| Abstract: | Duck hepatitis A virus type 3 (DHAV-3) is an important pathogen that causes substantial losses in the Chinese duck industry. DHAV-3 is highly fatal to ducklings and there is no licensed vaccine in China available to reduce DHAV-3 infection. Our goal was to develop a live attenuated vaccine candidate against DHAV-3. A field isolated strain, SD, was attenuated by serially passaging in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken embryos, and it lost its pathogenicity after 40 passages. The 70th passaged strain (SD70), which achieved good growth capacity in chicken embryos with a viral titer of 107.5 ELD50/mL, was chosen to be the live attenuated vaccine candidate. The SD70 strain did not cause clinical signs of disease or mortality in 1-day-old ducklings and showed no virulence reversion after seven rounds of in vivo back passages. The minimum effective dose of SD70 was determined to be 102.5 ELD50 via the vaccination route of subcutaneous inoculation. A single dose of the SD70 provided good protection to susceptible ducklings against the lethal DHAV-3 strain. Compared with the genomic sequence of the parent SD strain, the SD70 had 12 amino acid substitutions, some of which may play a role in virulence attenuation. This study demonstrated that the attenuated SD70 strain is a promising vaccine candidate for the prevention of DHAV-3 infection in China. It exhibited safety, good stability and excellent protection. |
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| Keywords: | Duck hepatitis A virus type 3 (DHAV-3) Attenuated live vaccine Safety Stability Protective efficiency Genomic sequence analysis |
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