Comparison of the immunogenicity and safety of quadrivalent and tetravalent influenza vaccines in children and adolescents |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China;2. Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China;1. MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD, USA;2. Kentucky Pediatrics and Adult Research Inc., Bardstown, KY, USA;1. Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA;2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA;3. Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA;4. National Center Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta GA, USA;1. Department of Pediatrics, Keiyu Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan;2. Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;3. Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Kokan Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan;4. Department of Pediatrics, Hino Municipal Hospital, Hino, Tokyo, Japan;5. Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization, Tochigi Medical Center, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan;6. Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization, Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan;7. Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Ohtsuka Hospital, Tokyo, Japan;8. Department of Pediatrics, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan;9. Department of Pediatrics, Kawasaki Municipal Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan;1. Public Health England National Infection Service, Colindale, London, UK;2. Public Health England National Infection Service, Bristol, UK;1. Artemis One Health, Utrecht, The Netherlands;2. Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Viroscience, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;3. FluPal Consultancy, Amstelveen, The Netherlands;4. University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands;5. University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundChildren and adolescents are susceptible to influenza. Vaccination is the most important strategy for preventing influenza, yet there are few studies on the immunogenicity and safety of quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (QIV) containing two A strains (H1N1 and H3N2) and two B lineages (Victoria and Yamagata). Therefore, to further clarify the immunogenicity and safety of QIV in children and adolescents, a meta-analysis was performed to provide a reference for the development of influenza prevention strategies.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library were searched for articles published as of February 12, 2019. Random clinical trials comparing the immunogenicity and safety of QIV and TIV among children and adolescents were selected. The main outcomes were comparisons of immunogenicity (seroprotection rate SPR] and seroconversion rate SCR] and adverse events using risk ratios (RRs). The meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models.ResultsAmong the 6 months up to 3 years group, QIV showed a higher SPR for B lineages than for TIV-B/Yamagata, with pooled RRs of 3.07 (95% CI: 2.58–3.66) and 1.06 (95% CI: 1.01–1.11), respectively. For the 3 years through 18 years, QIV had a higher SCR and SPR for the Yamagata lineage than for TIV-B/Victoria, with pooled RRs of 2.30 (95% CI: 1.83–2.88) and 1.16 (95% CI: 1.03–1.30), respectively. Compared to TIV-B/Yamagata, a higher SCR and SPR for the Victoria lineage was found for QIV, with RRs of 3.09 (95% CI: 1.99–4.78) and 1.72 (95% CI: 1.22–2.41), respectively. Regarding adverse events, only pain was more frequently reported for QIV than TIV ; the RR was 1.09 (95% CI: 1.02–1.17).ConclusionsThe immunogenicity of QIV for common ingredients was similar to that of TIV, but the former exhibited significantly higher immunogenicity for the unique lineage. QIV also had the same reliable safety as TIV. |
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| Keywords: | Quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine Trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine Immunogenicity Safety |
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