Study of integrated protective immunity induced in rhesus macaques by the intradermal administration of a bivalent EV71-CA16 inactivated vaccine |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China;2. Aimei Convac BioPharm (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd., Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, China;1. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China;2. Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China;3. Rushan City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Rushan, Shandong, China;4. Sinovac Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, China;1. School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China;2. National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China;3. Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology & Engineering, The Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China;4. Harbin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin 150056, PR China;5. State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, PR China;1. Division of Vaccine Research, National Institute of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, CheongJu, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea;2. Division of Emerging Infectious Disease and Vector Research, National Institute of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, CheongJu, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea;3. Division of Strategic Planning for Emerging Infectious Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, CheongJu, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea;4. College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, CheongJu, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea;5. Division of Infectious Disease Investigation, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, 61986, South Korea |
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| Abstract: | Enterovirus type 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A 16 (CA16) are recognized as the major pathogens responsible for human hand-foot-mouth disease. To develop a bivalent EV71-CA16 vaccine, rhesus macaques immunized with two doses of this vaccine via the intradermal route were challenged with EV71 or CA16, and their clinical symptoms, viral shedding, neutralizing antibodies, IFN-γ-specific ELISpots, and tissue viral load were examined longitudinally. Specific immunity against EV71 and CA16 was observed in the macaques, which exhibited controlled proliferation of the EV71 and CA16 viruses and upregulated expression of immune-related genes compared with the controls. Furthermore, broad protection against EV71 and CA16 challenge without immunopathological effects was observed in all the immunized macaques. These studies suggest that the bivalent EV71-CA16 inactivated vaccine was effective against wild-type EV71 or CA16 viral challenge in rhesus macaques. |
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| Keywords: | Enterovirus type 71 (EV71) Coxsackievirus A 16 (CA16) Bivalent vaccine Rhesus macaques |
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