儿童泌尿系统感染诊治进展

泌尿系统感染(UTI)是儿科最常见的细菌感染性疾病之一,约30%的婴幼儿在初次感染6~12个月反复发作。而在有泌尿系统发育畸形的儿童中,约30%的患儿以UTI为首发表现,故UTI可能是潜在肾脏结构异常的前哨事件。婴幼儿UTI常并膀胱输尿管反流等先天性尿路畸形,对于反复感染的高危患儿,易出现肾脏损害及肾瘢痕,进而导致终末期肾病。因此,早期识别、及时治疗和合理管理对改善预后十分重要。现总结近年来国内外相关文献,以期为儿童UTI的诊治提供临床参考。

Advances in diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infection in children

Urinary tract infections(UTI)are one of the most common bacterial infections in children up to 30%of who suffer from recurrent infections during the first 6 to 12 months after initial UTI.UTI can be the first sign in almost 30%of children with urinary tract abnormalities,so UTI may be an outpost event of underlying renal disorders.UTI in infants is often associated with congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract,such as vesicoureteral reflux.Children with recurrent infection are prone to renal damaging and scarring,which further leads to end-stage renal disease.Therefore,early identification,timely treatment and reasonable management are extremely important to improving the prognosis.In this article,domestic and foreign relevant literature in recent years were reviewed to provide reference for diagnosis and treatment of UTI in children.