降压药对人体认知操作能力和主观嗜睡感的影响

目的评价服用4种降压药贝那普利、阿替洛尔、氨氯地平和氯沙坦对正常人中枢神经系统功能的影响.方法 8名健康青年男性志愿者,在6次试验（每次间隔1周）中交叉服用贝那普利10 mg、阿替洛尔100 mg、氨氯地平10 mg、氯沙坦100 mg、唑吡坦10 mg和安慰剂,采用随机双盲设计给药,分别在服药前4 h,服药后1、2、3、4、6、8和10 h各完成一次计算机控制的单双重任务（包括四数连加、心理运动及两者复合的双重任务）能力测试;同时观察主观嗜睡度的变化.用重复测量的方差分析比较不同药物和用药后不同时间的差别.结果与安慰剂相比,唑吡坦对中枢能力产生明显不良影响：心理运动能力呈下降趋势、双重任务正确率明显降低（P＜0.05）、主观嗜睡度显著增加（P＜0.05）,用药后约6 h恢复正常;但4种降压药对人体认知操作能力和主观嗜睡感均无明显不良影响.结论单次服用贝那普利10 mg、阿替洛尔100 mg、氨氯地平10 mg或氯沙坦100 mg对人体认知操作能力和主观嗜睡感无明显不良影响.

Effects of antihypertensive drugs on cognitive performance and subjective sleepiness

Objective To evaluate the effects of 4 antihypertensive drugs: benazepril, atenolol, amlodipine and losartan on the function of central nervous system. Methods Eight male young volunteers served as subjects. They underwent 6 tests, once a week. Four digit-addition and psychomotor performance(in single task and combined dual task way) as well as subjective sleepiness were measured 4 h before administration and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 h after administration of benazepril 10 mg, atenolol 100 mg,amlodipine 10 mg, losartan 100 mg, zolpidem 10 mg(a kind of hypnotics) or placebo. Cross over and double blind design methods were adopted. The effects of various drugs at each time point were compared with analysis of variance of repeated measurement. Results Compared with administration of placebo, the psychomotor performance and correct rate of dual task were significantly lowered(P<0.05) and subjective sleepiness was significantly increased(P<0.05) after administration of zolpidem and restored to normal 6 h later. The differences between psychomotor performance and subjective sleepiness after administration of placebo, benazepril, atenolol, amlodipine, and losartan were non-significant. Conclusions Oral administration a single dose of benazepril 10 mg, atenolol 100 mg, amlodipine 10 mg or losartan 100 mg has no significant adverse effect on cognitive performance and subjective sleepiness.