锌干预对孕妇全血微量元素浓度及新生儿生长发育的影响

目的了解锌干预后孕妇不同孕期全血中微量元素含量的变化规律,探讨锌干预对新生儿生长发育的影响.方法在广西医科大学一附院定期孕检的孕妇中,选择孕龄小于12 w、自愿接受锌补充且健康的335名孕妇作为干预对象;每名干预对象按对照条件选取1名健康孕妇作为对照.分别在第一次孕期保健、孕27～29 w及产前抽取孕妇静脉血,用原子吸收分光光度法检测所有研究对象全血Zn、Fe、Cu、Ca、Mg的浓度.同时,对孕妇进行问卷调查.结果孕早期对照组和干预组全血Zn浓度差异无统计学意义,而孕中期和孕晚期两组全血Zn浓度差异有统计学意义,且干预组比对照组的高.对照组与干预组孕妇不同孕期的Fe、Ca、Mg元素的浓度差异均有统计学意义,并随孕期进展逐渐下降,而Cu浓度逐渐上升.干预组新生儿的出生体重、头围、身长及1分钟Apgar评分均大于对照组（P＜0.01）.结论对孕妇每日补充适量的锌制剂可改善孕中、晚期的锌营养状态,提高新生儿的生长发育指标.

Effects of zinc intervention on whole blood trace element concentration in pregnant women and new born development

Objective To observe the changes of whole blood trace element concentration in pregnant women,and to explore the effect of newborn development after zinc intervention.Methods The subjects were selected from pregnant women who took regular pregnant examination in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University(FAHGMU).335 volunteer pregnant women were selected as subjects.Whole blood samples were collected at their first pregnant examination,27 to 29 weeks examination and just time before their baby delivered.Zn,Fe,Cu,Ca and Mg concentration in blood samples were tested with atomic absorption spectrophotometry respectively.The subjects' information and infant development were collected with questionnaire.Results No statistic difference of zinc concentration during early pregnant stage in intervention group were observed and the zinc concentration of prevention group was higher than that of control group during middle and last pregmant stages.The concentration of Fe,Ca,Mg in different pregnant stages had showed significant differences between control and intervention group,and also decreased with the pregnant period.Cu in blood increased.Birth weight,head circumference,birth length and 1 min Apgar score in offspring from intervention group were statistically higher than that of control group(P<0.01).Conclusions Proper zinc supplement in pregnant women will ameliorate zinc nutrition status during middle and late pregnancy stage and promote parameters of newborn development.