Dexamethasone inhibits basophil migration

Glucocorticoids have been shown to inhibit the local accumulation of basophils during the allergen-induced late-phase reaction (LPR). Since migration is an essential step in the recruitment of basophils from the circulation, we examined whether the widely used glucocorticoid, dexamethasone (DEX), directly acts on basophils to inhibit the migration caused by C5a, interleukin (IL)-3, and IL-8. When purified basophils were preincubated with various concentrations of DEX, a dose-dependent inhibition was observed; DEX at concentrations as low as 1 nM reduced the number of migrated basophils by 30–40 %; at higher concentrations, it showed a slightly stronger inhibitory effect. There was no significant difference in the effect of DEX on the migration caused by the three chemoattractants. The action of DEX took place rapidly; apparent inhibition was observed even when migration was initiated without preincubation. Although the inhibitory effect of this agent was not reversed when DEX was removed by washing, the inhibition was not mediated by the toxicity as measured by the trypan-blue exclusion test. These results indicate that the in vivo blocking effect of glucocorticoids on basophil accumulation during LPR is mediated in part by direct action to inhibit the migration of basophils.