股骨近端髓内钉治疗股骨转子间骨折的临床研究

目的 评估采用国际内固定研究学会(AO/ASIF)股骨近端髓内钉(PFN/PFNA)治疗股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效.方法 2008年1月至2010年12月我院采用AO/ASIF的PFNA治疗股骨转子间骨折56例,所有患者均为单侧闭合性骨折,受伤至手术时间为2.0～10.0 d,平均3.2d,术后1、2、3、6、12个月门诊随访,以后每年至少复查1次,随访时所有患者均拍摄髋关节正侧位X线片.临床疗效评估采用Harris髋关节功能评估标准.结果 所有患者手术时间40～80 min,平均55 min.术中出血量50～150 ml,平均80 ml.患者均为术后3～7d下地扶拐行走.56例患者均获得完整随访,随访期间全部患者均未出现感染、下肢静脉血栓、头钉切割股骨头及断钉现象.4例出现髋内翻短缩畸形,无骨折不愈合患者.骨折愈合时间为3.5 ～6.0个月,平均4.0个月.按Harris髋关节功能评分标准:优43例,良9例,中4例,优良率92.86％ (52/56).结论 AO/ASIF的PFN(A)治疗方法具有微创、固定强度高、生物力学特性好等特点,治疗股骨转子间骨折愈合率高,功能恢复快,并发症少.

Treatment of intertrochanteric fracture with proximal femoral nail of AO/ASIF

Objective To investigate the clinical outcomes of intertrochanteric fracture by the fixation using proximal femoral nail (PFN/PFNA).Methods From Jan.2008 to Dec.2010,56 cases with intertrochanteric fracture,including 18 males and 38 females with an average age of 76 years (range,67 -94 ),were treated by fixation with PFN or PFNA.All patients had closed fractures in the shaft of femur.The average time from injury to operation was 3.2 days (ranging from 2.0 days to 10.0 days).All the patients were followed for 1,2,3,6,12 month after surgery,respectively,and then at least once per year.The clinical outcomes were evaluated according to Harris criteria and radiological examinations.Results The mean operating time of all cases was 55 minutes ( ranging from 40 to 80 minutes),and the mean blood loss during surgery was 80 ml (range,50 - 150 ml).All patients was able to walk with walking aid 3 -7 days after surgery.All the patients with fracture healed after 3.5 - 6.0 months ( mean:4 months ).No complications such as infection,lower limb vein infarction,cut-out or breakage of the implants occurred.Four cases had coxa vara shortening deformation,According to Harris criteria,the clinical results were excellent in 43 cases,good in 9,and moderate in 4,with the rate of patients in excellent and good condition was 92.86％ (52/56).Conclusion PFN/PFNA is an effective and minimally invasive method for intertrochanteric fracture,with minimal invasion,high fixation-strength and optimal biomechanics characteristics.This treatment technique produces a high rate of bone re-union,early functional recovery and less complications.