血液透析患者营养状况调查分析

目的:对血液透析患者营养状况进行调查,分析营养不良的影响因素,为制订合理的干预措施,改善患者生活质量提供依据。方法:对我院诊治的62例进行维持性血液透析半年以上患者临床资料进行回顾性分析,采用改良定量主观营养评估(MQSGA)及实验室生化检查来评估患者营养状态,对可能影响状态的因素进行分析。结果:62例患者中共有32例发生营养不良,发生率为51.6%。32例营养不良患者中,轻中度23例(71.9%),重度7例(21.9%),极重度2例(6.2%)。蛋白质摄入不足、老年、透析不充分及腹膜炎症状态与患者发生营养不良有关。两组患者血肌酐、白蛋白、肱三头肌皮褶厚度(TSF)及上臂肌围(MAMC)差别具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:维持性血液透析患者营养不良发生率高,蛋白质摄入不足、老年、透析不充分及炎症状态与患者发生营养不良有关。临床工作中应采取有效合理的干预方法加强营养,改善患者生活质量。

Nutriture of patients with maintenance hemodialysis

Objective: To investigate nutriture of patients with maintenance hemodialysis,and analyze the risk factors of malnourishment.Methods: A total of 62 cases with maintenance hemodialysis for at least half year were retrospectively analyzed.Nutriture was assessed by MQSGA and biochemical assay to analyze possible risk factors.Results: A total of 32 cases had malnourishment(51.6%),including 23 cases in light degree(71.9%),7 cases in severe degree(21.9%) and 2 cases in extreme severe degree(6.2%).Lack of protein,aging,incomplete hemodialysis and peritonitis were related with malnourishment.There were significant differences in serum creatinine,albumin,triceps muscle of arm skinfold thickness and mid-arm muscle circumference(P<0.05).Conclusions: The incidence of malnourishment is high in patients with maintenance hemodialysis.Lack of protein,aging,incomplete hemodialysis and peritonitis are related with malnourishment.Effective intervention treatment should be performed to strengthen nutrition and to improve life quality.