B002对氯硝柳胺杀螺增效机理的研究

目的　探讨氯硝柳胺和o,o'-二乙基-o'-(邻氯苯乙腈肟)硫代磷酸酯（代号B002）合用的灭螺增效机理。方法　采用肉眼观察、组织学、组织化学、酶组织化学方法对经氯硝柳胺和B002分别处理后的钉螺软体进行了观察。结果　氯硝柳胺对钉螺肝、睾丸、卵巢等各组织、器官都有损伤作用。B002使钉螺软体肿胀、外伸，失去附着能力，对外界反应能力降低，呈麻痹状态；头足部呈现明显病理性改变，糖元含量减少，神经节和足肌中的胆碱酯酶（CHE）、一氧化氮合成酶（NOS）活性降低。结论　B002干扰钉螺神经介质的传递，使得头足部肌肉失去张力，对外界刺激反应消失，增加与氯硝柳胺接触介面，导致钉螺对氯硝柳胺的吸收增加，加剧了钉螺的损伤和死亡。

STUDY ON SYNERGICMOLLUSCICIDAL MECHANISM OF NICLOSAMIDE MIXED WITH B002 AGAINS T ONCOMELANIA

Objective To explore the mechanism of niclosamide had significantly synergic molluscicidal effect against Oncomelania when it mixed with o,o' diethyl o' (substituted phenylyly oxylonitrile oximino) thiophosphate (B002). Methods The methods of histology, histochemistry and histochemistry of enzymes were used to study the synergic molluscicidal mechanism of niclosamide mixed with B002. Results The lesion in liver, overy and testis were found when the snails had been immersed in the solution of niclosamide for 24 hours. The capability of adhesion with soft tissue swollen and activities of cholinesterase and nitric oxide synthase decreased in the snails that were immersed in the solution of B002 for 24 hours. Conclusion The synergic molluscicial mechanism of niclosamide mixed with B002 against Oncomelania would be that the snail increases absorbing surface to niclosamide and loses the capability to avoid bad simulations when exposed in B002 solution.