酒精性肝病模型大鼠肝组织病理学观察及分析

[目的]采用白酒灌胃法建立大鼠酒精性肝病模型,观察其肝组织病理及超微结构变化. [方法]取Wistar大鼠(清洁级)随机分为2个组,模型组(48只)每日灌胃给予400 mL/L酒精(8 g/kg),对照组(48只)给予等量生理盐水.实验第8,12周末处死动物,检测血清ALT,AST值,采用HE染色、天狼星猩红染色光学显微镜及电子显微镜分别观察肝脏病理学和细胞超微结构变化.[结果]模型组大鼠血清ALT,AST值明显高于对照组.光学显微镜下,与对照组比较,模型组大鼠可见肝细胞明显肿胀、大小不等的脂肪空泡,点状及灶状坏死,肝组织内胶原纤维轻度增生,随着酒精刺激时间的延长模型组病理变化更加显著.电子显微镜下可见,模型组大鼠肝细胞线粒体明显肿胀,嵴显示不清,部分呈空泡样变性,肝细胞内质网旺盛,可见肝细胞及肝窦内皮细胞凋亡.[结论]长期大量摄入酒精可引起大鼠酒精性肝病.

The pathological and ultrastructure changes in rat model of alcoholic liver disease

OBJECTIVE To observe the pathological and ultrastructure changes in rat model of alcoholic liver disease by the perfusing stomach with alcohol.METHODS The Wistar rats were randomly divided into model group(n=48) and control group(n=48).The dose of 400 mL/L ethanol(8 g/kg) was administerd by gastric gavage twice a daily for 12 weeks in the model group,and the control group was received an equivalent amount of saline by gavage.The rats were killed at the end of 8 and 12 weeks.The activities of serum ALT and AST were detected by autobiochemistry instrument.The pathological and ultrastructure changes of liver was observed under light microscope with HE and Sirius red staining and electron microscope.RESULTS The levels of serum ALT,AST were significantly higher in the model group than in the control group.It was seem under light microscope in the model group that swelling of hepatocytes,macro and microvesicular steatosis,spotty and focal necrosis,mild proliferation of collagen fibers,and pathological changes was gradually progression.Ultrastructure in the model group as compared with those in the control group was that mitochondrial swelling,unclear and vacuolar degeneration of crista mitochondriales,prosperity of endoplasmic reticulum,and apoptosis of hepatocytes and endothelial cells of hepatic sinusoid.CONCLUSION Long-term alcohol administration can induce the alcoholic liver disease in rats.