云南农村地区冠心病危险因素的分布

目的：调查云南省农村地区50～70岁人群冠心病危险因素的分布，为该地区冠心病的防治和干预提供科学依据。方法：采用分层随机抽样方法，共抽取云南省四个县区11个农村地区中50-70岁人群540人进行现况调查，使用SPSSll．0软件进行统计学分析。结果：云南省农村50～70岁人群高血压病、超重／肥胖、高胆固醇和糖尿病的患病率分别为42．4％、15．7％、36．8％和0．6％，吸烟率为36．7％，饮酒率为33．5％。各民族问高血压病、超重／肥胖的患病率和饮酒率存在显著差异（P〈0．01）。白族和纳西族超重／肥胖率显著高于汉族、彝族、傈僳族；藏族高血压病与饮酒率高于汉族、彝族、傈僳族，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。高血压病、肥胖的患病率随年龄的增长而增加，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。女性超重／月巴胖率（18．7％）显著高于男性（12．5％，P〈0．05），男性吸烟率、饮酒率及高血压病患病率（66．1％、54．9％和47．5％）显著高于女性（9．9％、14．1％和37．8％，均P〈0．05）。结论：云南省农村地区冠心病的危险因素在国内处于较高水平，民族间某些危险因素的分布存在显著差异。

An epidemiologic survey of risk factors of coronary heart disease in a rural community of Yunnan Province

AIM ： To investigate the risk factors of coronary heart disease （CHD） in a rural area of Yunnan Province and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and treatment of CHD. METHODS： Five hundred and forty patients aged 50 -70 years were sampled with stratified and cluster multistage sampling in 11 rural areas of four counties of Yunnan Province. SPSS 11.0 was used for data analysis. RESULTS： The prevalence of hypertension, overweight and obesity, smoking, alcohol use, high cholesterol and diabetes was, respectively, 42. 4%, 15.7%, 36. 7%, 33.5%, 36. 8%, 8.6%, and 0. 56%. The rates of hypertension, overweight and obesity, and alcohol use were significantly different among different nationalities （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in Han, Yi, and Lisu nationalities was lower than in Bai and Naxi nationalities, and the rate of hypertension and alcohol use in Han nationality was lower than in Zang nationality （P 〈 0.05 ）. The prevalence of hypertension and obesity increased with age （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The rate of overweight and obesity in women was higher than in men （18.7% vs. 12.5% , P 〈0. 05）. However, the prevalence of smoking, alcohol use, and hypertension in men was higher than in women （66. 1% vs. 9.9%, 54. 9% vs. 14. 1% , 47.5% vs. 37.8%, P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： The prevalence of risk factors for CHD is high in rural areas of Yunnan and full-scale measures should be taken to reduce its prevalence.