抗菌药物不良反应438例回顾性分析

目的：了解抗菌药物药品不良反应（ADR）的发生特点和规律。方法：对本院2008年1月～2011年12月收集到的438例抗菌药物ADR报告进行回顾性分析。结果：女性ADR发生率（56.39%）高于男性（43.61%）;药师上报ADR报告209例（47.72%）;静脉给药（79.00%）是引起ADR的主要给药途径;所有ADR报告中,氟喹诺酮类（128例）和大环内酯类（112例）最多;ADR的临床表现主要为过敏样反应（32.21%）和胃肠道反应（24.65%）,其次是注射部位局部刺激（13.12%）。结论：应重视抗菌药物不良反应的监测,为临床合理用药提供参考。

Analysis on Antibacterial Adverse Drug Reactions of 438 Cases

Objective： To investigate the characteristics and regularity of anti-infective adverse drug reactions （ADR）.Methods： 438 cases of antibacterial ADR collected from January 2008 to December 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. Results： Of all antibacterials ADR cases, the incidence rate of ADR was obviously higher in females （56.39%） than that in males （43.61%）. 209 ADR cases （47.72%） were reported by pharmacists. Intravenous route （79.00%） was the most common route among all ADR cases. Fluoroquinolones （128 cases） and macrolides （112 cases） were the most common drugs in 438 cases with ADR. The main clinical manifestations were skin allergic response （32.21%） and gastrointestinal reaction （24.65%）, as well as localized stimulus of injection site （13.12%）. Conclusion： More attention should be paid to the monitoring of antibacterial ADR for the clinical rational drug usage.