避孕节育干预项目对上海市流动人口避孕行为的影响

目的:通过对避孕节育干预项目对上海市闵行区流动人口避孕行为的影响分析,为探讨流动人口避孕节育行为干预模式提供依据。方法:多阶段随机整群抽取上海市闵行区流动人口相对集中的工厂、建筑工地、服务娱乐场所,分干预组和对照组,通过倡导、动员、管理、培训、宣传教育、咨询服务、技术服务、随访服务、转诊机制等干预措施对研究对象进行干预。应用卡方检验及有序多分类Logistic回归分析方法对其影响进行分析。结果:1 791名研究对象中,采用避孕方法的占94.26%,干预组与对照组避孕方法使用比例差异无统计学意义。研究期间,干预组婚姻状况发生变化者避孕方法的使用率为100%(共51人),高于对照组(42.05%)。评估调查时干预组避孕方法由本人和双方决定的比例略有升高(干预前28.89%,干预后33.52%),但多因素Logistic回归分析未发现干预对避孕方法的决定者有统计学意义,OR为1.226(P=0.0662),95%可信区间为0.986~1.523。多因素分析发现学历高的对象,自主选择避孕方法的能力较强。结论:干预项目取得了一定的效果,提高了避孕方法的使用率和自主选择避孕方法的能力,但今后还应加强对学历低、收入低的流动人口的干预和服务。

Effect of contraception and birth control projects on contraceptive behaviors among floating population in Shanghai

Objective:To analyze the effect of contraception and birth control projects on contraceptive behaviors among floating population in Shanghai,provide a basis for intervention modes of contraception and birth control behaviors.Methods:Factories,construction sites and service and entertainment places were selected by multi-period stochastic cluster method,then they were divided into intervention group and control group,intervention measures including advocacy,mobilization,management,training,publicity and education,advisory services,technical services,follow-up services and referral mechanisms were conducted in intervention group,chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used in the study.Results:94.26% of 1 791 research objects adopted contraceptive methods,there was no significant difference in usage ratio of contraceptive methods between intervention group and control group.In intervention group,the usage rate of contraceptive methods in cases with changed marriage status was 100%(51 cases),which was significant higher than that in control group(42.05%);the rate of contraceptive methods selected by themselves and their spouses increased(28.89% before intervention and 33.52% after intervention),but there was no significant difference(OR=1.226,P=0.0662,95%CI: 0.986~1.523),the ability of independent choice of contraceptive methods was high in the case at high education level.Conclusion:Contraception and birth control projects are effective,which improve the usage rate of contraceptive methods and ability of independent choice of contraceptive methods,but the intervention and services for the floating population with low high education level and low income should be strengthened.