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A Case–Control Study of Betapapillomavirus Infection and Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Organ Transplant Recipients
Authors:C. M. Proby  C. A. Harwood  R. E. Neale  A. C. Green  S. Euvrard  L. Naldi  G. Tessari  M. C. W. Feltkamp  M. N. C. de Koning  W. G. V. Quint  T. Waterboer  M. Pawlita  S. Weissenborn  U. Wieland  H. Pfister  E. Stockfleth  I. Nindl  D. Abeni  J. ter Schegget  J. N. Bouwes Bavinck  the EPI‐HPV‐UV‐CA group
Affiliation:1. Centre for Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London,;2. Cancer and Population Studies, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, 300 Herston Rd, 4006 Brisbane Australia: A.C. Green, R. Neale, C. Olsen, P O’Rourke, James Cook University;3. S. Harrison, P. Buttner.;4. Department of Dermatology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 5, Place d’Arsonval 69437 Lyon, Cedex 03, France: S. Euvrard, A.C. Butnaru, A. Claudy, J. Kanitakis.;5. Newark Street, London E1 2AT, United Kingdom: C.A. Harwood, C.M. Proby, J. Breuer, L. Mitchell, K. Purdie, S.R.Lambert, H. Ran.
dDepartment of Dermatology and GISED Study Center, Ospedali Riuniti, Largo Barozzi, 1, 24128 Bergamo, Italy: L. Naldi, A. Pizzagalli, F. Sassi.;6. Dirigente medico 1 Livello, U.O.Clinica Dermatologica Azanda Ospedaliera di Verona, Ospedale Civile Maggiore, 37126 Verona Italy: G. Tessari.;7. Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands: M.C.W. Feltkamp, L. Struijk, P. Wanningen, P.Z. van der Meijden, E.I. Plasmeijer. Department of Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands: R. Wolterbeek.;8. DDL Diagnostic Laboratory, Fonteynenburghlaan 7, 2275 CX Voorburg, The Netherlands: W.G.V. Quint, M.N.C. de Koning?, J. ter Schegget?, B. Kleter, L.J. van Doorn.;9. Infection and Cancer Program (F020) German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 242, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany: M. Pawlita, T. Waterboer, P. Sehr, K.M. Michael.;10. Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Fürst‐Pückler‐Str. 56 · D‐50935 Cologne, Germany: H. Pfister, U. Wieland, S. Weissenborn.;11. Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Charité, Skin Cancer Center Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany: I. Nindl, E. Stockfleth, T. Forschner.;12. Health Services Research Unit, Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata, IDI‐IRCCS, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy: D. Abeni, F. Sampogna, T.J. Mannooranparampil, N. Melo‐Salcedo, S. Simoni, G.P. Petasecca Donati, C. Masini, C. Deppermann Fortes.;13. Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands: J.N. Bouwes Bavinck, P. van der Zwan‐Kralt, Y.G.L. de Graaf, L.E. Vos, E.J. Uphoff‐Meijerink, R. Willemze.
Abstract:We examined the association between betapapillomavirus (betaPV) infection and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in organ transplant recipients. A total of 210 organ transplant recipients with previous SCC and 394 controls without skin cancer were included. The presence of 25 betaPV types in plucked eyebrow hairs was determined using a human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA genotyping assay, and antibodies for the 15 most prevalent betaPV types were detected using multiplex serology. We used multivariate logistic regression models to estimate associations between various measures of betaPV infection and SCC. BetaPV DNA was highly prevalent (>94%) with multiple types frequently detected in both groups. We found a significant association between SCC and the concordant detection of both antibodies and DNA for at least one betaPV type (adjusted OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.1;2.5). A borderline‐significant association with SCC was found for HPV36 (adjusted OR 2.4; CI 1.0;5.4), with similar associations for HPV5, HPV9 and HPV24. These data provide further evidence of an association between betaPV infection and SCC in organ transplant recipients. Confirmation of a betaPV profile predictive of risk for SCC may pave the way for clinically relevant pretransplant HPV screening and the development of preventive and therapeutic HPV vaccination.
Keywords:Betapapillomavirus  case–  control study  cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma  organ transplant recipient
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