苦豆子种质资源调查及种子生物学特性研究

目的:探讨不同苦豆子种质资源的生物学特性,从形态上初步分析其遗传差异。方法:以生长在宁夏、甘肃、青海、新疆、内蒙古不同地区的23份野生苦豆子为材料,调查种子形态、大小、千粒重和发芽特性等性状。结果:不同居群的苦豆子在这些性状上均存在显著差异,最大的种子是4.70 mm×3.50 mm,最小的种子是3.80 mm×2.90 mm,千粒重为15.90~25.70 g;对8个不同地域居群种子活力的研究表明,No.103和No.122的苦豆子种子活力较高,其发芽指数分别为36.51,36.24,活力指数为1 323.49,1 274.56。除种子大小这一性状外,其余性状的变异系数都超过10%。结论:不同居群的苦豆子间具有不同的遗传背景。

Distribution and morphological variation of germplasm resourceof Sophora alopecuroides

Objective : To analyze the genetic difference of biological characters on germplasm resources of Sophora alopecuroides. Method : Twenty-three populations of S. alopecuroides from Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang and Inner Mongolian were used to analyze the seed size, 1 000-grain weight, and germination characteristics and so on. Result : It showed that there were significant differences in seed size, 1 000-grain weight and the vitality of seeds. The biggest seed of S. alopecuroides was 4.7 mm×3.5 mm, and the smallest was 3.8 mm×2.9 mm, and the 1 000-grain weight was 15-26 g. Results of seeds vitality in 8 populations indicated that the highest vitality of seeds were No.103 and No.122. The germination index was 36.51 and 36.24 respectively, and the vitality index was 1 323.49 and 1 274.56. The coefficient of variation in seed traits exceeded 10% except the seed size. Conclusion : There are some differences and different heredity background in various S. alopecuroides germplasm resources.