蔬菜类胡萝卜素与矿工肺癌队列研究

目的 :　了解食用蔬菜与云南锡业公司 (云锡 ,YTC)矿工肺癌危险性的关系。方法 :　在食物频率问卷 ( FFQ)重复性和有效性研究的基础上用 χ2 检验、单因素、多因素 Cox回归分析了 7965名 40岁以上云锡矿工肺癌高危人群不同蔬菜摄入量、总蔬菜摄入量和不同类胡萝卜素摄入量与其发生肺癌相对危险性的关系。结果 :　摄入不同水平蔬菜、类胡萝卜素的矿工 ,肺癌发病率不同 ;其中总蔬菜、根茎类、葱属蔬菜、芹菜、十字花科蔬菜、薯芋类、苦瓜等浅色瓜、豆芽菜、β-胡萝卜素、α-胡萝卜素、叶黄素和玉米黄质等在不同摄入水平时云锡矿工肺癌发病率有显著性差异( P<0 .0 5 ) ;总蔬菜、根茎类、葱属蔬菜、芹菜、十字花科蔬菜、薯芋类、苦瓜等浅色瓜、β-胡萝卜素、α-胡萝卜素与肺癌相对危险性呈负相关 ( RR<1 ,P<0 .0 5 ) ;经调整年龄、工龄、吸烟后 ,根茎类、芹菜、十字花科蔬菜、薯芋类、β-胡萝卜素、α-胡萝卜素仍显示与矿工肺癌危险性呈负相关 ( RR=0 .5～ 0 .75 ,P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :　蔬菜尤其是芹菜、根茎类、十字花科蔬菜、薯芋类、β-胡萝卜素、α-胡萝卜素对云锡矿工肺癌确有一定预防作用

THE COHORT STUDY ON VEGETABLES AND CAROTENOIDS AND LUNG CANCER RISK OF MINERS IN YUNNAN TIN CORPORATION (YTC)

Objective: To study the relationship between consumption of vegetables and carotenoids and lung cancer risk in Yunnan Tin Corporation (YTC) miners. Methods: On the basis of studying the reproducibility and validity of vegetable intake frequency in Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), the association between vegetables and carotenoids and lung cancer relative risk was investigated in the YTC cohort study among 7 965 tin miners with high risk of lung cancer aged more than 40 years by Chi square, single and multi Cox regression. Results: The results showed that there were different intakes of vegetables and carotenoids between lung cancer cases and the subcohort members (P<0.01); subcohort members consumed significantly more total vegetables, cruciferous vegetables, celery, radish roots, yams, alliums, melons and β carotene, α carotene than did cases (P<0.01); there were significantly different incidences of lung cancer in the consumption of total vegetable, radish roots, alliums, celery, cruciferous vegetables, yams, melons (e.g bitter gourd), bean sprouts and β carotene, α carotene (P<0.01); there were moderate inverse or weak associations between lung cancer and the consumption of total vegetable, radish roots, alliums, celery, cruciferous vegetables, yams, melons (e.g bitter gourd), bean sprouts and β carotene, α carotene (RR=0.5～0.75,P<0.05) after multivariable adjusted Cox regression model. Conclusion: This prospective study suggests that vegetable consumption, especially celery, yam, cruciferous vegetable consumption and α carotenoid consumption can decrease the incidence of lung cancer in YTC miners.