Comparison of methods for monitoring solid particulate surface contamination in the workplace |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impact and Sustainability in the Marine Environment (IAS-CNR), Via della Vasca Navale, 00146, Rome, Italy;2. Water Research Institute (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00015, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy;3. Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Area di Citometria, Servizio Grandi Strumentazioni e Core facilities, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Roma, Italy;4. National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy;1. Programa de especialización en Pediatría, Universidad Libre, Seccional Cali, Cali, Colombia;2. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Libre, Seccional Cali, Cali, Colombia;3. Clínica de artritis temprana, Cali, Colombia;1. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China;2. Power Generation Branch, POWERCHINA Hubei Electric Engineering Corporation Limited, No.1, Xinqiaosi Road, Jinyinhu Street, Dongxihu District, Wuhan 430040, China;1. Mechanical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia;2. IRC for Renewable Energy and Power, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia;3. K.A.CARE Energy Research & Innovation Center, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia |
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| Abstract: | This paper reports an assessment of various methods for sampling particulate surface contamination for use in the field. The results from the study will be used to develop guidance for monitoring particulate surface contamination in the workplace.Three types of adhesive tape, two manual and two `semi-automatic' wipe methods, and one Smair method were assessed. A field assessment of selected methods was carried out in two stages. In stage one, the manual wipes, semi-automatic wipes and adhesive tape (Scotch Tape®) were compared. In stage two, the adhesive tape (Scotch Tape®), black forensic tape, clear forensic tape and Smair were compared.Visits were made to ten metal processing facilities and particulate contamination was sampled from six locations at each site. Sampling locations were chosen for their potential as points of worker dermal contact and also to represent a range of surface characteristics. The metal content of the samples were analysed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) and X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF).It was found that the Smair method proved to be inefficient in removing surface contamination, particularly where the surface was damp or greasy. Tape methods were found to be the most satisfactory and have considerably greater efficiency than wipe sampling. The black forensic tape is the preferred sampling medium as it is highly efficient, reproducible and easy to use. |
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