The role of vascular endothelial growth factor in angiogenesis

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an endothelial cell-specific mitogen and an angiogenic inducer as well as a mediator of vascular permeability. The biological effects of VEGF are mediated by two tyrosine kinase receptors, Flt-1 (VEGFr-1) and KDR (VEGFR-2). VEGF is essential for developmental angiogenesis and is also required for female reproductive functions and endochondral bone formation. Substantial evidence also implicates VEGF in tumors and intraocular neovascular syndromes. Currently, several clinical trials are ongoing to test the hypothesis that inhibition of VEGF activity may be beneficial for these conditions.