3种节育器放置后不良反应随访3年观察

目的比较吉妮、爱母和T型380三种宫内节育器(IUD)的放置后3年内不良反应情况。方法对自愿要求放置IUD避孕而无禁忌证的育龄妇女350例,随机分成3组,分别放置吉妮IN IUD(112例)、MCuIUD(120例)、TCu380AIUD(118例)。定期随访填写调查表。结果 3种IUD 3年累积吉妮组的带器妊娠率、脱落率、因症取出率最低(P<0.05);续用率最高(P<0.05)。经期延长、经量增多及不规则出血情况3种节育器在放置的前3个月内无明显差异,但随着时间的延长放置吉妮环者明显降低,与其他两种差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。腰腹疼痛情况,吉妮组发生率明显少于其他两组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。白带增多3组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。月经异常情况的发生率前屈及后屈位置子宫的发生率高于其他,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。前屈后屈子宫较其他位置子宫更容易发生腰腹疼痛情况,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论吉妮节育器放置后的副反应发生率明显低于爱母和T型380节育器,且续用率最高。前屈后屈子宫较其他位置子宫更容易发生节育器放置后的副反应。

Evaluation of side effects in women with insertion of three different intrauterine devices

Objective To investigate the postoperative complications after insertion of intrauterine device（IUD）.Methods Three hundred and fifty women of child-bearing age were included in this retrospective study.The women were randomly divided into GyneFixINIUD group（n=112）,MCuIUD group（n=120）,and TCu380AIUD group（n=118）,respectively.A three-year follow up was performed.Results GyneFixINIUD group showed the highest continuation rate,and lowest pregnancy with IUD in situ,expulsion rate as well as removal rate for the related complications（P0.05）.No statistical difference was noted in the menostaxis,menorrhagia and irregular bleeding during the IUD insertion in the first three months.However,significant decrease of menostaxis,menorrhagia and irregular bleeding was noted after insertion of IUD after period of time（P0.05）.For the abdominal pain and waist pain,significant reduction was noted in the GyneFixINIUD group（P0.05）.No statistical difference was noted in the leucorrhea（P0.05）.Pregnant women with anteflexion and retroflexion of uterus showed higher incidence of abnormal menstruation.However,no statistical difference was noted（P0.05）.Pregnant women with anteflexion and retroflexion of uterus reported frequent abdominal and waist pain compared with the others（P0.05）.Conclusions GyneFixINIUD group showed the highest continuation rate and lowest incidence rate of side effects.Frequent incidence of side effects was reported in pregnant women with anteflexion and retroflexion of uterus.