血液透析和腹膜透析的成本分析

目的：比较血液透析和腹膜透析的成本构成，为制定、完善医保政策提供依据。方法：对上海市4家医院1999年度血液透析和腹膜透析的成本构成及利润情况进行分析。结果：血液透析均次成本中材料成本占35％－37％，设备成本占38％－44％，其获利的增幅受人（次）数和均次利润的共同影响。腹膜透析均次成本中材料成本超过97％，其获利仅与所服务的人（次）数有关。结论：两种透析方法存在着较大的利润差异，导致血液透析不适宜地扩张，抑制了腹膜透析技术的合理应用。

Cost analysis of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis

Objective To compare the difference in cost formation between hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis so as to provide basis for the formulation and perfection of medical security policies. Methods An analysis was made of the cost formation and profits of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis in 4 hospitals of Shanghai in 1999. Results Of the average cost of each performance of hemodialysis, the cost of materials accounted for 35% to 47% and the cost of equipment accounted for 38% to 44%, while the scope of increase in profits was affected both by the number of patients and the average profits per performance. Of the average cost of each performance of peritoneal dialysis, the cost of materials exceeded 97% while profits were related only to the number of patients. Conclusion There is a marked difference in profits between the two forms of dialysis, leading to an improper expansion in the use of hemodialysis and an inhibition in the rational use of the technique of peritoneal dialysis.