颈动脉超声和CT血管成像及DSA在颈动脉夹层诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨颈动脉超声、CT血管成像(CTA)及DSA对颈动脉夹层的诊断价值。方法对24例颈动脉夹层患者的三种影像资料进行回顾性分析。结果 DSA检查24例,CTA检查16例,颈动脉超声检查21例。DSA、CTA、颈动脉超声检查颈动脉夹层的检出率分别为95.8%(23例)、75.0%(12例)、71.4%(15例)。其中DSA显示以线样征最多见,有12例(占50%),CTA检查和颈动脉超声检查均以双腔征多见,分别为37.5%(6例)和52.4%(11例)。颈动脉超声及CTA检出颈动脉夹层与DSA相比,一致率分别为66.7%和81.3%,差异均无统计学意义(分别为Kappa=0.39,P=0.08;Kappa=0.43,P=0.22)。颈动脉超声联合CTA检查与DSA的一致率为87.5%(15例),(Kappa=0.67,P=0.047),差异有统计学意义。结论 DSA是诊断颈动脉夹层的金标准,不可替代。颈动脉超声联合CTA能提高诊断率,颈动脉超声可作为颈动脉夹层的筛查方法。

Application value of carotid artery ultrasonography,CT angiography and DSA in the diagnosis of carotid artery dissection

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of carotid artery ultrasonography,CT angiography （CTA）and digital subtraction angiography （DSA）for carotid artery dissection. Methods The image data of carotid artery ultrasonography,CTA,and DSA of 24 patients with carotid artery dissection were analyzed retrospectively. Results Twenty-four,16,and 21 patients were examined with DSA,CTA,and carotid artery ultrasonography respectively. The detection rates of carotid artery dissection with DSA,CTA, and carotid artery ultrasonography were 95. 8%,75.0%,and 71. 4% respectively. The DSA mostly showed the line-like sign （n=12,50 %）. CTA and carotid artery ultrasonography mostly showed the double lumen sign;they were 37. 5%（n=6）and 52. 4%（n=11）respectively. Compared with DSA,the concordance rates of carotid artery ultrasonography and CTA were 66. 7% and 81. 3% respectively. There was no significant difference （Kappa=0. 39,P=0. 08 and Kappa=0. 43,P =0. 22 respectively）. The concordance rate of ultrasonography in combination with CTA and DSA reached 87. 5%（n=15,Kappa=0. 67,P =0.047）. There was significant difference. Conclusion DSA is a gold standard for the diagnosis of carotid artery dissection,and it is irreplaceable. Carotid artery ultrasonography in combination with CTA can improve the diagnostic rate. Carotid artery ultrasonography can be used as a screening method for carotid artery dissection.