围手术期无创双水平正压通气治疗对中、重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者上腹部手术疗效观察

目的 探讨围手术期无创双水平正压通气在老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)患者上腹部手术的治疗效果.方法 将59例中、重度老年缓解期COPD患者随机分为两组,治疗组30例.在常规治疗的基础上加用间歇无创双水平正压通气,术前一周开始使用,术后继续使用(全身麻醉患者于拔管后立即使用)一周.对照组29例.围手术期采用常规抗感染、祛痰、止咳、平喘治疗.结果 治疗组术前动脉血氧分压(PaO2)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、呼气峰流速(PEFR)即较入选时明显提高[PaO2:(77.3±4.2)mm Hg vs(86.4±4.7)mm Hg,FEV1:(1.02±0.11)L/s vs(1.37±0.21)L/s,PEFR:(3.47±0.29)L/s vs(4.84±0.34)L/s](P＜0.05).术后两组患者PaO2、PEFR均有不同程度下降,治疗组下降程度明显小于对照组(P＜0.05).治疗组各项指标术后第2天开始恢复,术后第5天恢复至术前水平,对照组各项指标术后第2天开始恢复.术后第7天恢复至术前水平.治疗组肺部并发症发生率明显低于对照组(20%vs 37.9%),治疗组平均住院天数明显短于对照组(9.46 d vs 13.36 d)(P＜0.05).结论 中、重度COPD患者围手术期无创双水平正压通气治疗可以有效地改善患者气流受限的程度,纠正低氧血症,增加通气量,减少术后并发症的产生.

Effects of bi-level positive airway pressure treatment in elder moderate-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with upper abdominal surgery in postoperative period

Objective To investigate the treatment effects of noninvasive bi-level positive airway Dressure(BiPAP)in elder chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients with upper abdominal surgery in postoperative period.Methods To divide 59 moderate-severe elder stable COPD patients into two groups randomly.Thirty cases in treatment group,intermittent noninvasive BiPAP was added on the basis of general treatment,began to use one week before the surgery and continued to use after the surgery for one week(to use immediately in general anesthesia patients after extubation).Twenty-nine cases in control group,to cure with the general method of removing sputum,relieving caugh and stopping dyspnea in postoperative period.Results PaO2,FEV1,PEFR increased obviously before the surgery in treatment group [PaO2:(77.3±4.2)mm Hg vs(86.4±4.7)mm Hg,FEV1:(1.02±0.11)L/s vs(1.37±0.21)L/s,PEFR:(3.47±0.29)L/s vs(4.84±0.34)L/s](P＜0.05).PaO2,PEFR decreased in varying degrees in both groups after the surgery,and the degree was more obvious in control group than in treatment group (P＜0.05).Parameters began to recover in the second day after the surgery in treatment group,and reached to the normal level in the fifth day,but got tO the normal level in the seventh day in control group.The incidence rate of pulmonary complications was more obvious in control group than in treatment group(20%vs 37.9%),the duration of hospitalization was shorter in treatment group than in control group(9.46 days vs 13.36 days)(P＜0.05).Conclusions The restricted air-flow and hypoxemia can be improved significantly in elder COPD patients with upper abdominal surgery in postoperative period after treatment with nonin-vasive BiPAP increases ventilation,decreases complications after surgery.