中国3～5岁儿童肥胖与铁营养状况研究

目的了解我国3—5岁儿童肥胖与铁营养状况及其相关关系。方法以参加2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查的8960名3～5岁儿童为研究对象，排除没有血清铁蛋白检测数据者。以2006年世界卫生组织提出的儿童生长标准为参照，计算身高体重Z评分（WHZ），WFIZ≤-2判定为消瘦，2〈WHZ≤3判定为超重，WHZ〉3判定为肥胖。以血清铁蛋白作为铁营养状况指标。结果3～5岁儿童的资料，超重率和肥胖率分别为2．0％和2．1％。消瘦、体重正常、超重和肥胖儿童的血清铁蛋白〈12μg／L的患病率分别为2．4％、4．0％、4．4％和5．4％。将身高、体重、身高体重Z评分（WHZ）与血清铁蛋白浓度进行相关性分析，发现仅女孩的身高与血清铁蛋白未见显著性关联（P〉0．05），血清铁蛋白与身高、体重、WHZ均呈显著负相关（P〈0．05）。结论3～5岁儿童肥胖状况与血清铁蛋白水平有一定关联，提示肥胖儿童更易出现血清铁蛋白低于正常水平（〈12μg／L）。

Status of obesity and iron nutrition among Chinese 3 - 5-year-old children

Objective To understand the status and relationship of obesity and iron nutrition among Chinese 3 - 5-year-old children. Methods The data of 8960 children aged 3 - 5 years old who participated in 2002 China Nutrition and Health Survey was studied. Individuals who had not serum ferritin data were excluded from the analyses. Weight status was defined by WHZ of 2006 WHO child growth standards. Children were divided into four groups with WHZ as follows： underweight WHZ ≤ - 2 ; normal weight - 2 〈 WHZ ≤ 2 ; overweight 2 〈 WHZ≤ 3 ; obesity WHZ 〉 3. Serum ferritin was used to evaluate iron status. Results Among the participants, the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 2.0% and 2. 1%, respectively. The rates of serum ferritin below 12μg/L were 2. 4%, 4. 0%, 4. 4%, and 5.4% in underweight group, normal weight group, overweight group, and obesity group, respectively. Height, weight and WHZ showed significantly negative correlations with serum ferritin （P 〈 0. 05）, except the height of girl group. Conclusion Obesity and serum ferritin shows certain relationship among Chinese 3 -5y children, which suggested overweight and obesity children may be at a higher risk of serum ferritin below 12μg/L.