上海市两类人群健康体检结果分析

目的分析上海市某企业中层干部（甲团队）与部分公务员、事业单位职工（乙团队）两类职业人群的体检结果，了解其健康状况，为开展相应的预防保健工作提供依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法，收集两个团队2012年健康体检信息，对其生活方式和体检结果进行分析比较。结果两类人群前十位主要疾病种类及排序无明显区别；两类人群糖尿病、空腹血糖受损、超重、肥胖及高脂血症患病率均高于全国同类疾病患病率（P〈0．05）；两类人群之间的差异：甲团队血压、空腹血糖、甘油三酯、尿酸、腰围、臀围及体重指数、吸烟率、饮酒率、空腹血糖≥5．6mmol／L所占比例、血脂异常率（包括甘油三酯异常率、高密度脂蛋白异常率）、脂肪肝患病率、体重指数异常率、超重率均高于乙团队（P〈0．05）；乙团队高密度脂蛋白水平、甲状腺异常率高于甲团队（P〈0．05）。结论两类人群体检异常率明显高于全国水平，应针对性地开展健康教育工作，提高自我保健意识，通过行为干预促进健康。

Analysis on physical examination results of two different occupational populations in Shanghai.

Objective To analyze the examination results and health status between middle-level managers of enterprise, civil servants and institution staff in Shanghai, and to provide basis for corresponding prevention and health care work. Methods Two different occupational populations were selected by cluster sampling. Lifestyle information and physical examination results obtained from the healthy information data in 2012 were analyzed and compared. Results The top ten major diseases and sorting showed no significant differences between the two populations. The diabetes, impaired fasting glucose （IFG）, overweight, obesity and hyperlipidemia prevalence rates were significantly higher than the national prevalence rate （P〈0.05）. Blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, serum uric acid, waist circumference, hip circumference and body mass index （BMI） of the middle-level managers of enter- prise were higher than that of civil servants and institution staff; smoking rate, alcohol drinking rate, the proportion of fasting blood glucose greater than 5.6 mmol/L, lipid abnormality rate （including triglyceride abnormality and high density lipoprotein abnormality）, prevalence of fatty liver, BMI abnormality rate, overweight rate of the middle-level managers of enterprise were higher than that of civil servants and institution staff; high density lipoprotein levels, thyroid abnormality rate of civil servants and institution staff were higher than that of the middle-level managers of enterprise, and all the differences were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The abnormality rate of physical examination results of the two different occupational populations is significantly higher than that of the national; health education and self-care awareness improvement are required for health promotion through behavioral intervention.