产后母亲情绪与婴儿气质的关系

目的研究母亲在产后3个月内的抑郁、焦虑情绪对婴儿气质的影响。方法选取590名产妇,在产后3d、42d和3个月时以医院用抑郁/焦虑量表和爱丁堡产后抑郁量表进行评价,在3个月时由母亲填写婴儿气质量表评价婴儿的气质情况。结果产后3个月内有抑郁、焦虑情绪母亲的婴儿,其气质为中间偏难养型、难养型和启动缓慢型的比例较母亲无抑郁、焦虑情绪的婴儿有明显增高。母亲的抑郁、焦虑情绪对婴儿气质因子中的活动水平、趋避性、适应性、反应强度、情绪本质及注意分散度的变化有影响。婴儿气质类型为中间偏难养型、难养型和启动缓慢型的母亲中有抑郁焦虑情绪的母亲的比例也较高。结论产后母亲的抑郁、焦虑情绪对早期婴儿的气质发育有影响。

Postnatal maternal depression, anxiety and early infant temperament

Objective] To explore the relationships between postnatal maternal depression, anxiety and early infant temperament. Methods] 590 mothers were asked to finish the questionnaires of HAD and Edinburgh scale in the 3rd day, the 42nd day and 90th day to evaluate the degree of postnatal depression and anxiety. Infant temperament was evaluated at 3 months by maternal report using Early Infancy Temperament Questionnaire ( EITQ ). Results] The odds of "difficult"infant temperament were found more in the infants of depressive or anxious mothers. Postnatal maternal depression, anxiety was also related to the scores of phobotaxis, suitability, response intensity and attention dispersity, while no statistical relationship was found between postnatal maternal depression, anxiety and the infant temperament types. And among the infants with "difficult" infant temperament, more mothers were found depression or anxiety. Conclusions] It seems that there is correlation between postnatal maternal depression, anxiety and early infant temperament.