慢性肺病住院患者戒烟成功影响因素研究

目的研究住院慢性肺病患者相对于其他住院患者吸烟行为特征的特点及戒烟成功相关影响因素。方法在2014年6月至2015年6期间肺病科连续的慢性肺病住院患者,配对抽取同期于其他科室住院的非慢性肺病患者,填写调查表进行数据分析。结果本调查中吸烟患者均以控制不住烟瘾为继续吸烟主要原因;在慢性肺病患者分组中主要以经济原因为主要戒烟原因,而在非慢性肺病分组中主要以防未病为主;吸烟人群中,大家对戒烟行为的认知是一致的,在戒烟过程中不仅取决于本人的态度是否坚决,还与其对整个过程的信心及外界环境息息相关;在戒烟过程中,戒烟持续时间在很大程度上决定戒烟是否成功。多因素Logistic回归分析发现年龄、月经济收入、饮酒、是否患有其他慢性病、自觉健康状况、尼古丁依赖均影响是否戒烟成功。结论目前慢性肺病患者戒烟能够成功很大程度上是因为随着年龄增大及疾病的进行性加重及经济条件不佳所"被迫"成功的,提示我们在今后的戒烟治疗中,应早期干预,变被动戒烟为主动戒烟。

Study on the success factors of smoking cessation in patients with chronic pulmonary disease

Objective To study the characteristics of smoking behavior in hospitalized patients with chronic lung disease compared with other hospitalized patients,and to study the influencing factors of smoking cessation suc-cess. Methods During the period from June 2014 to June 2015,patients with chronic lung disease who were hospi-talized with continuous chronic pulmonary disease were selected and analyzed. Results The investigation found that smoking patients unable to control smoking was the main reason for continuous smoking. In the chronic pulmonary disease group,the main reason for smoking cessation was economic reason,and in the non chronic lung disease group,the main reason was for prevention. The cognition about smoking cessation was consistent for smokers. During quitting process,it depended not only on his attitude,also related to the whole process of confidence and the external environment. In the process of smoking cessation,the cessation duration mainly decided his success. Multi-factor lo-gistic regression analysis revealed that the influencing factors included age,monthly income,alcohol consumption, whether other chronic diseases,perceived health status,and nicotine dependence. Conclusion The smoking cessa-tion in patients with chronic lung disease success to a large extent is because with the increase of age and disease of progressive and poor economic conditions. It is a kind of ″forced″ success,suggesting that the smoking cessation treatment should be early intervened,and change from passive smoking cessation for active smoking.