2007-2014年儿童脑脊液培养病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的：了解儿童脑脊液培养的常见病原菌分布和体外耐药模式。方法回顾分析2007年1月至2014年12月住院患儿脑脊液细菌培养结果。细菌鉴定和药敏试验采用法国生物梅里埃的Vitek系统，部分菌株药敏试验采用纸片扩散法。结果研究期间23099例患儿至少送检脑脊液1次，分离出细菌671株，阳性率2.9%。其中革兰阳性菌579株（86.3%），革兰阴性菌92株（13.7%），排名前5位细菌依次为：凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌399株（58.9%）、微球菌37株（5.5%）、肺炎链球菌34株（5.1%）、大肠埃希菌32株（4.8%）、屎肠球菌26株（3.9%）。连续8年的脑脊液培养阳性率呈下降趋势（趋势χ2=10.410， P=0.001），凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌年度阳性率呈下降趋势（趋势χ2=31.200，P

Pathogens distribution and drug resistance from cerebrospinal lfuid culture from 2007 to 2014

Objective To explore the common pathogens distribution and the drug resistance pattern in vitro from cerebrospinal lfuid culture in children. Methods The results of cerebrospinal lfuid culture in hospitalized children from January 2007 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Bacteria identiifcation and antimicrobial susceptibility were assayed by Vitek system from Bio Mrieux Company. Some bacterial strains were tested by disk diffusion method. Results Cerebrospinal lfuid from 23099 patients were tested at least one time during research period. 671 strains of bacteria were isolated with positive rate of 2 . 9%, among which there were 579 strains of gram positive bacteria ( 86 . 3%) and 92 strains of gram negative bacteria ( 13 . 7%). The top ifve bacteria were coagulase negative Staphylococcus ( 399 strains, 58 . 9%), Micrococcus ( 37 strains, 5 . 5%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (34 strains, 5.1%), Escherichia coli (32 strains, 4.8%), and Enterococcus faecium (26 strains, 3.9%). The positive rates of cerebrospinal lfuid culture in 8 consecutive years showed a downward trend (χ2?=?10 . 410 , P=?0 . 001 ). The positive rates of coagulase negative Staphylococci showed annual decline trend (χ2?=?31 . 200 , P