急性脑血管病患者记忆障碍的临床特征

背景急性脑血管病(acute cerebrovasculardisease,ACVD)常致记忆功能损害,但其亚型、病灶部位与记忆障碍临床特征之间的关系仍是不清楚的.目的研究ACVD的记忆障碍的临床特征.设计以诊断为依据,设立对照和标准对照回顾性研究.地点和对象研究地点为本院神经内科心理检测室.大坪医院神经内科1997-01/2000-06收治的57例住院急性脑血管病患者,其中女19例,男38例.年龄37～91岁,平均60岁.平均受教育年限19年.方法用"韦氏记忆量表"测定ACVD患者的瞬间、短时、长时记忆和记忆商,检查者为第一作者.主要观察指标韦氏记忆量表瞬间、短时、长时记忆分量表的量表分和记忆商.结果各疾病组记忆总量表、短时和长时记忆量表分以及记忆商均明显低于正常对照组.出血组与缺血组,左、右大脑半球和双半球,单灶腔隙、单灶非腔隙和多灶腔隙梗死之间比较均无显著性差异,但单灶非腔隙梗死组、出血组、右半球和双半球组以中重度损害为主.结论急性脑血管病引起明显记忆损害,且主要是短时和长时记忆损害,对瞬间记忆影响相对较小.病变部位对记忆损伤程度无明显影响,缺血性卒中病灶数和面积对记忆功能损害影响也无明显差异,但单灶非腔隙性梗死的记忆损害更重.

Clinical characteristics of memory disorder in acute cerebrovascular disease

BACKGROUND: Acute cerebrovascular disease (ACVD) frequently induces memory dysfunction.However, the relationships of clinical features of memory disorder with the subtypes and focal site of ACVD are unclear.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical characteristics of memory disorder after ACVD.DESIGN: Retrospective and controlled investigation was conducted based on the diagnosis.SETTING and PARTICIPANTS: The study was completed in the Department of Psychological Examination, Daping Hospital.From January 1997 to June 2000, 57 hospitalized patients with ACVD in the Department of Neurology of Daping Hospital, 38 males and 19 females, aged from 37 to 91 (average 60 years old), were enrolled.Their average education time was 10 years.METHODS: Immediate, short- and long-term memory as well as memory quotient(MQ) were tested with Wechsler memory scale(WMS) by the first author.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The scale scores of immediate, short- andlong-term memory subtests and MQ of WMS.RESULTS: The scores of immediate memory, short- and long-term memory and MQ in each case group were significantly lower than those of the controls.Differences of scale scores between cerebral haemorrhage(CH) and cerebral ischemia, among left, right and both brain hemisphere, among single and multiple lacunar infarction and single non-lacunar infarction had no significance.But memory disorder of single non-lacunar infarction, CH, right cerebral hemisphere and both brain hemispheres were mainly moderate or severe.CONCLUSIONS: Memory damage induced by ACVD is primarily on shortand long-term memory but less on immediate memory.Focal site has no marked effect on the degree of memory defects.The number and size of ischemic ACVD have no marked effects on the degree of memory impairment,too.Single non-lacunar infarction has more severe memory damage.