异基因造血干细胞移植后的抗利尿激素分泌失调综合征一例报告--附文献复习

目的 提高对异基因造血干细胞移植（allo—HSCT）后抗利尿激素分泌失调综合征（SIADH）的认识，探讨其发病原因。方法 报道1例骨髓增生异常综合征难治性贫血伴原始细胞增多型患者allo-HSCT后发生SIADH的临床和实验室特征以及治疗经过。结果 患者在allo-HSCT后发生超急性移植物抗宿主病（GVHD），第17天起出现严蘑低钠血症（血钠最低为103．7mmol／L）、尿钠增高、血浆渗透浓度降低和尿渗透浓度增高，伴有昏迷和抽搐，诊断为SIADH。经限制入液量和补钠治疗后，患者病情改善，但SIADH始终未被完全纠正，终因移植物被排斥、二次移植后再次发生超急性GVHD和排斥、继发感染而死亡。结论 allo—HSCT后SIADH是一种罕见的、致死性的急性中枢神经系统并发症，为移植相关的多种原因所致，强调对其及时、正确诊治的重要性。

Syndrome inappropriate ADH secretion after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a case report and literature review

To study the syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion ( SIADH) after alloge-neic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and the possible etiology. Methods The clinical manifestation, laboratory examination, treatment and outcome of a patient with refractory anemia with excess blasts after allo-HSCT were presented. Results Hyperacute graft-versus-host disease ( GVHD) was developed in the patient after allo-HSCT followed by severe hyponatraemia (lowest serum sodium 103.7 mmol/L) , natriuresis, hypo-osmolality of plasma, hyper-osmolality of urine, coma and twitch at day 17 after allo-HSCT. SIADH was diagnosed. The clinical condition was improved after restriction of water and administration of hy-pertonic saline, but SIADH was not controlled completely. Afterwards, graft failure was developed. Hyper-acute GVHD and graft rejection occurred again after the second transplant. The patient died of secondary infection. Conclusion SIADH after allo-HSCT is a rare fatal acute complication of central nervous system. Numerous transplant-related causes are probably associated with the development of SIADH. Early accurate diagnosis and treatment promptly is of great importance.