深圳口岸交通员工艾滋病相关知识、态度、行为调查

目的]了解深圳口岸交通员工艾滋病相关知识、态度和行为现状，为对其进行健康教育和行为干预提供科学依据。方法]采用匿名自填问卷的方式，于2007年3-6月对深圳1：3岸皇岗、罗湖、沙头角3个体检点的交通员工进行艾滋病相关知识、态度和行为的问卷调查。结果]约80．0％的交通员工知道艾滋病经性接触、血液和母婴传播。但仍有相当一部分交通员工对艾滋病有不正确的认识，如“蚊虫叮咬不会传染艾滋病”这个问题的回答正确率只有41．2％。交通员工的自我保护意识不强，例如“不与他人共用剃须刀、牙刷”这个问题的回答正确率只有41．7％。不同年龄段、文化程度、HIV知识及格与否的交通员工对HIV相关行为的态度不同。约有50％左右的交通员工表示出对艾滋病感染者的宽容。54．0％的交通员工承认自己有过婚前性行为，26.4％的交通员工承认有过婚外性行为。743（13．0％）人自报告曾经与性服务小姐（暗娼）有过性关系。交通员工在商业性性行为中安全套使用率很低，在自报告与性服务小姐（暗娼）发生性行为的743人中，经常使用的占6．2％；每次都用的仅占3．5％。结论]深圳口岸交通员工对艾滋病有所了解，但仍然缺乏全面的认识，安全性行为的比例也不高。建议进一步加强对交通员工的健康教育和行为干预，提高他们的自我防病能力。

A HIV/AIDS KAP Study among Transportation Staffs at Shenzhen Port

Objective To understand HIV/AIDS related knowledge, attitude and practice （KAP） among transportation staffs at Shenzhen port and to provide scientific evidence for further health education and behavior intervention. Method From March to June 2007, a anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted to probing HIV/AIDS related knowledge, attitude and practice was preventable of transportation staffs at three medical examination settings at Shenzhen port. Result About 80.0% of study subjects knew that AIDS can be transmitted by sex, blood transfusion and from mother to baby. But only 41.2% of the transportation staffs could give correct answer on ＂whether could mosquito bit spread HIV？＂. Some transportation staffs have weak awareness of self-protecting, for example, the correct answer rate of the possibility of transmission by share of razor or toothbrush with AIDS patient was rather low （41.7%）. The attitude towards HIV/AIDS related high risk behaviors was various among different age groups, different education background. 54.0% of respondents admitted that they had premarital sexual behavior and 26.4% claimed that they had extramarital sex. 743 （13.0%） reported they had sexual intercourse with female sexual workers （unlicensed prostitute）. The condom was rarely used in commercial sex. Of 743 transportation staffs who had ever sex with female sexual workers, only 6.2% of them reported that they could frequently use condom. The proportion of using condom every time only accounted for 3.5%. Conclusion Transportation staffs at Shenzhen port lack of HIV/AIDS knowledge, and many of them have unsafe sex. Therefore health education and behavior intervention should be enhanced for the transportation staffs.