江西省并殖吸虫的宿主动物研究

目的对江西省并殖吸虫的宿主动物进行系统分类与实验研究。方法采用形态学方法对并殖吸虫第一、二中间宿主进行分类与鉴定。采用生理盐水逸出法检测野猪膈肌和肝脏等脏器中卫氏并殖吸虫的滞育童虫。分别以刺猬和小鼠作为卫氏并殖吸虫实验动物模型,经口感染卫氏并殖吸虫囊蚴,进行宿主转换(直接转续和间接转续传播)的实验研究。结果江西卫氏并殖吸虫第一中间宿主淡水螺种或媒介共计17种,隶属2科3属;第二中间宿主淡水溪蟹种或媒介为23种,隶属1总科1科3属,其中15种为作者等研究发现报告的新种;建立了江西并殖吸虫媒介新属——华南溪蟹属(Huananpotamon),认为武夷山脉是华南溪蟹属类群的分化中心,并有向与广东毗邻的南岭山脉的九连山和与湖南接壤的罗霄山脉扩展的趋势;建立了江西省淡水蟹类总科及科与属的分类检索表;证实携带江西卫氏并殖吸虫囊蚴的淡水溪蟹优势种群为福建华溪蟹(Sinopotamon fukiense)、万载华溪蟹(S.wanzaiense);对江西省淡水蟹类的动物地理学进行了分析研究;首次证实野猪(Sus scrofa)为江西卫氏并殖吸虫的自然转续宿主;并首次建立了刺猬(Erinaceus europaeus)作为江西卫氏并殖吸虫的实验转续宿主和动物模型。结论江西境内存在众多的并殖吸虫自然疫源地或流行区,但其分布发生了变化。淡水蟹类种类的组成与分布与其不同海拔高度和地势地貌及其水系的走向等密切相关;野生啮齿类动物对于并殖吸虫疫源地的维持甚至扩大起着一定的作用。

Research on Host Animals of Paragonimus in Jiangxi Province

Objective To study on systematic classification and experimental research on host animals of Paragonimus in Jiangxi Province.Methods Classification and definition of the 1st and 2nd intermediate host of Paragonimus were carried out by using morphological study.Detection of the diapause adolescent of Paragonimus in boar's organs,such as liver,was doen by using normal saline-releasing technique.By using Erinaceus europaeus and mice as animal models of Paragonimus experiment respectively,animal infection was performed with encysted metacercaria of Paragonimus orally in order to process the host conversion with direct and indirect paratenic transmission.Results We discovered and confirmed that there were 17 different species of 1st intermediate host of in Paragonimus Jiangxi,covering 2 families and 3 genera,and 23 different species of 2nd intermediate host,covering 1 order,1 family and 3 genera,15 of which were reported to be new species by the authors.Furthermore,a new genus of Jiangxi Huananpotamon was built up,based on the assumption that Wuyi mountain range is the developing centre of Huananpotamon,and tend to spread out towards Jiulian mountain of Nanling mountain range adjacent to Guangdong Province and Luoxiao mountain range next to Hunan Province.In addition,Jiangxi Province freshwater crab order was created at the end of research,as well as a complete classification and retrieval table of its order and genus.The authors also proved that the advantageous stocks of freshwater crabs carrying encysted metacercaria of Jiangxi Paragonimus westermani were Sinopotamon fukiense and S.wanzaiense.More importantly,research and analysis on zoogeography of Jiangxi freshwater crabs have been done,and geography division table of intermediate hosts of Jiangxi Paragonimus is completed.At last,this research has proved that Sus scrofa is the natural paratenic host of Jiangxi Paragonimus westermani,and Erinaceus europaeus is used to be the experimental paratenic host and animal model for Jiangxi Paragonimus westermani,for the first time.Conclusion There are many endemic areas of Paragonimus in Jiangxi Province,however,the distribution of Paragonimus has been gradually limiting to mountainous areas.Constitution and distribution of freshwater crabs have close relationship with altitude,terrain features,and movements of water in the area.Wild rodent animal may contribute to the maintenance and expansion of the endemic areas of Paragonimus.