Focal neuronal loss, reversible subcortical focal T2 hypointensity in seizures with a nonketotic hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state |
| |
Authors: | S Raghavendra R Ashalatha Sanjeev V Thomas C Kesavadas |
| |
Institution: | (1) Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, 695011, Kerala, India;(2) Department of Imaging Sciences and Interventional Radiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, India |
| |
Abstract: | Introduction Neuroimaging in seizures associated with nonketotic hyperglycemia (NKH) is considered normal. We report magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) abnormalities in four patients with NKH and seizures.
Methods We prospectively evaluated clinical and radiological abnormalities in four patients with NKH during the period March 2004
to December 2005.
Results All patients presented with seizures, either simple or complex partial seizures or epilepsia partialis continua. Two of them
had transient hemianopia. MRI showed subcortical T2 hypointensity in the occipital white matter and in or around the central
sulcus (two patients each), T2 hyperintensity of the overlying cortex (two patients), focal overlying cortical enhancement
(three patients) and bilateral striatal hyperintensity (one patient). Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) performed in three
patients showed restricted diffusion. The ictal semiology and electroencephalographic (EEG) findings correlated with the MRI
abnormalities. On clinical recovery, the subcortical T2 hypointensity and striatal hyperintensity reversed in all patients.
The initial cortical change evolved to FLAIR hyperintensity suggestive of focal cortical gliosis. The radiological differential
diagnosis considered initially included encephalitis, malignancy and hemorrhagic infarct rendering a diagnostic dilemma.
Conclusion We identified subcortical T2 hypointensity rather than hyperintensity as a characteristic feature of seizures associated with
NKH. Only very few similar reports exist in literature. Reversible bilateral striatal T2 hyperintensity in NKH has not been
reported to the best of our knowledge. |
| |
Keywords: | Nonketotic hyperglycemia Reversible T2 hypointensity Magnetic resonance imaging Bilateral striatal hyperintensity Diffusion-weighted imaging Seizures |
本文献已被 PubMed SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|