粉尘螨滴剂舌下含服治疗儿童支气管哮喘伴过敏性鼻炎的临床疗效

目的评估粉尘螨滴剂治疗儿童支气管哮喘伴过敏性鼻炎的临床疗效。方法将94例5～14岁粉尘螨过敏的患儿分常规组和脱敏组,分别采用常规治疗和粉尘螨舌下含服脱敏治疗,定期随访,记录患儿的哮喘症状和鼻炎症状,用药情况,并在治疗2 a后复查粉尘螨皮肤点刺。结果脱敏组和常规组治疗前哮喘症状评分分别为(2.55±0.52)和(2.60±0.49)分,治疗2 a均明显降低,分别为(0.30±0.59)和(0.85±0.87)分;鼻炎评分治疗前分别为(5.86±2.61)和(5.72±2.41)分,治疗2 a明显降低分别为(1.34±0.79)和(3.66±1.87)分;用药评分治疗前分别为(5.21±1.13)和(5.02±1.26)分,治疗2 a也明显降低,分别为(0.17±0.43)和(0.77±0.92)分。粉尘螨点刺结果分级评分治疗前(3.63±0.48)和(3.56±0.50)分,治疗2 a分别为(2.43±0.43)和(3.39±0.60)分。各项评分免疫组与常规组比较差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.001)。均未见严重的不良反应。结论粉尘螨滴剂吞下含服治疗儿童支气管哮喘伴过敏性鼻炎安全、有效。

Clinical efficacy of sublingual desensitization therapy with dermatophagoides farinae drops on bronchitic asthma with allergic rhinitis in children

AiM To evaluate the clinical efficacy of sublingual desensitization therapy with dermatophagoides fari- ane drops in childen with bronchitic asthma and allergic rhinitis. METHODS Totally 94 children aged 5 - 14 years old with asthma and allergic rhinitis were involved in the study. Among them , 46 cases had received sublingual desensitization therapy for 2 years（desensitization therapy group）and 48 cases had not received sublingual desensitization therapy as con- trol group. The cases were followed up at regular intervals and asthmatic, rhinitis symptoms and medication scores were recorded,and skin prick test was done 2 years after treatment. RESULTS After 2 years of treatment , the asthmatic symptom scores in desensitization therapy group and the control group were （0.30 ± 0.59; 0.85 ± 0.87） and they were decreased as compared with those before treatment （2.55 ± 0.52; 2.60 ± 0.49） ; rhinitis symptoms in desensitization therapy group and the control group were （ 1.34 ± 0.79; 3.66 ± 1.87） and they were decreased as compared with those before treatment （5.86 ± 2.61 ;5.72 ± 2.41 ）; medication scores in desensitization therapy group and the control group were（0.17 ± 0.43;0.77 ± 0.92）and they were decreased as compared with those before treatment（5.21 ± 1.13;5.02 ± 1.26） ;positive reaction of skin prick test to dermatophagoides allergen in desensitization therapy group and the control group were reduced, and all symptoms scores showed extremely significant differences between 2 groups（ P 〈 0.001）. No severe adverse drug reactions were reported during the study. CONCLUSION Sublingual desensitization therapy with dermatophagoides farinace drops is effective and safe in children with bronchitic asthma and allergic rhinitis.