A comparison of the performance of mono- and bi-component electrospun conduits in a rat sciatic model |
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Authors: | Valentina Cirillo Basak A. Clements Vincenzo Guarino Jared Bushman Joachim Kohn Luigi Ambrosio |
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Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy (IPCB-CNR), Viale Kennedy 54, Naples 80125, Italy;2. Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering (DICMAPI), University of Naples Federico II, P.leTecchio 80, Naples 80125, Italy;3. New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers – The State University of NJ, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA |
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Abstract: | Synthetic nerve conduits represent a promising strategy to enhance functional recovery in peripheral nerve injury repair. However, the efficiency of synthetic nerve conduits is often compromised by the lack of molecular factors to create an enriched microenvironment for nerve regeneration. Here, we investigate the in vivo response of mono (MC) and bi-component (BC) fibrous conduits obtained by processing via electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and gelatin solutions. In vitro studies demonstrate that the inclusion of gelatin leads to uniform electrospun fiber size and positively influences the response of Dorsal Root Ganglia (DRGs) neurons as confirmed by the preferential extensions of neurites from DRG bodies. This behavior can be attributed to gelatin as a bioactive cue for the cultured DRG and to the reduced fibers size. However, in vivo studies in rat sciatic nerve defect model show an opposite response: MC conduits stimulate superior nerve regeneration than gelatin containing PCL conduits as confirmed by electrophysiology, muscle weight and histology. The G-ratio, 0.71 ± 0.07 for MC and 0.66 ± 0.05 for autograft, is close to 0.6, the value measured in healthy nerves. In contrast, BC implants elicited a strong host response and infiltrating tissue occluded the conduits preventing the formation of myelinated axons. |
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Keywords: | Electrospinning In  vivo model Tubular conduit Sciatic nerve regeneration |
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