1990—2019年中国居民抑郁疾病负担及变化趋势分析

目的 描述和分析1990—2019年中国居民抑郁疾病负担变化趋势，为预防和诊治抑郁问题提供参考。方法 基于2019年全球疾病负担数据，选取发病例数、发病率及伤残调整生命年（DALY）及DALY率等指标，利用Joinpoint回归模型计算发病率和DALY率的AAPC，对抑郁的疾病负担进行描述。结果 1990—2019年中国居民抑郁发病例数从3 130.34万人增长到4 100.53万人，增长率为30.99%，发病率从2 644.58/10万增长到2 882.92/10万，增长率为9.01%。DALY从548.68万人年增长到756.20万人年，增长率为37.82%，DALY率从463.53万人年增长到531.65万人年，增长率为14.70%。1990—2019年抑郁发病率和DALY率各年龄段增速变化基本一致，其中20～24岁是发病率（AAPC = - 2.2%，P＜0.05）和DALY率（AAPC = - 1.9%，P＜0.05）下降最快的年龄段，60～69岁的发病率上升趋势最快（AAPC = 0.9%，P＜0.05），75～84岁的DALY率上升趋势最快（AAPC = 0.7%，P＜0.05）。结论 中国居民抑郁疾病负担不断加重，女性受抑郁的疾病负担更高，老年人的抑郁疾病负担风险状况不容忽视，应加强抑郁相关健康知识宣传，并加强对老年人等弱势群体的关注及心理干预。

Analysis of the burden and change trend of depression in Chinese residents from 1990 to 2019

Objective To describe and analyze the trend of changes in the burden of depression disorder in China from 1990 to 2019, and to provide reference for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of depression disorder. Methods Based on the global burden of disease data in 2019, the number of incidence cases, incidence rate and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) and DALY rate were selected, and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) of incidence rate and DALY rate were calculated using Joinpoint regression model to describe the burden of disease of depression. Results From 1990 to 2019, the number of depression cases among Chinese residents increased from 31 303 400 to 41 053 000, with a growth rate of 30.99%, and the incidence rate increased from 2 644.58 to 2 882.92 per 100 000, with a growth rate of 9.01%. DALY increased from 5 486 800 to 7 562 200 person-years, with a growth rate of 37.82%, and the DALY rate increased from 4 635 300 person-years to 5 316 500 person-years, with a growth rate of 14.70%. The change in the growth rate of depression prevalence and DALY rate was basically consistent across age groups from 1990 to 2019. Age group of 20-24 years had the fatest decreasing prevalence (AAPC=-2.2%, P<0.05) and DALY rate（AAPC=-1.9%, P＜0.05）. The incidence rate of 60-69 years old had the fastest increasing trend (AAPC=0.9%, P<0.05), and the DALY rate of 75-84 years old had the fastest increasing trend (AAPC=0.7%, P<0.05). Conclusion The disease burden of depression among Chinese residents is increasing, with higher incidence among women. The risk status of the disease burden of depression among the elderly cannot be ignored. The publicity of health knowledge related to depression should be strengthened, and the attention and psychological interventions for vulnerable groups such as the elderly should be enhanced.