辽宁省≥40岁城市居民糖尿病知晓率、治疗率和控制率现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解辽宁省≥40岁城市居民糖尿病知晓率、治疗率和控制率现状及影响因素，为糖尿病的综合防治提供科学依据。方法 2018年9月至2020年12月期间，采用分层整群随机抽样方法对辽宁省4个市共11165名≥40岁的城市居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查，并对筛查出的糖尿病患者知晓率、治疗率和控制率及其影响因素进行分析，其中率间差异比较采用卡方检验，影响因素分析采用多因素logistic回归。结果 调查发现糖尿病患者1852例。糖尿病知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为53.29%、46.65%和36.34%，女性知晓率 (x2=6.142，P＜0.05) 和治疗率 (x2=5.408，P＜0.05) 高于男性，且均随年龄增加而升高 (知晓率x2 趋势=30.428，P＜0.05；治疗率x2 趋势=33.771，P＜0.05)。多因素回归分析结果显示:现在吸烟 (OR=0.75，95%CI: 0.57~0.98) 与现在饮酒 (OR=0.77，95%CI: 0.60~0.98) 的患者知晓率较低；家庭年收入5000~9999元 (OR=0.57，95%CI:0.34~0.94)、10000~19999元 (OR=0.66，95%CI:0.44~0.98) 与现在饮酒 (OR=0.72，95%CI: 0.56~0.93) 的患者治疗率较低；有血脂异常 (OR=0.68，95%CI: 0.52~0.90) 的患者控制率较低。结论 辽宁省≥40岁城市居民糖尿病知晓率、治疗率和控制率均处于较低水平，亟待加强城市地区糖尿病的健康宣教，进一步提高居民糖尿病疾病意识，提升糖尿病综合防控效果以降低由其导致的心脑血管疾病负担。

Analysis on status and influencing factors of awareness,treatment, and control of diabetes mellitus for urban residents aged 40 and older,Liaoning

Objective To investigate the status and its influencing factors of diabetes awareness, treatment and control rate among urban residents aged 40 and older in Liaoning, and to provide scientific basis for comprehensive management strategies on diabetes mellitus. Methods Questionnaire interviews, physical examinations and biochemical tests were conducted among 11,165 recruited urban residents aged 40 and older in 4 cities of Liaoning province according to stratified cluster random sampling from September 2018 to December 2020. Subsequently, the awareness, treatment, control and their influencing factors of the screened patients with diabetes mellitus were analyzed. Chi-square test was used to compare the differences among the rates, and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results There were 1,852 diabetic patients. The rates of awareness, treatment, and control of diabetes mellitus were 53.29%, 46.65% and 36.34%, respectively. The rates of awareness (x2=6.142, P<0.05) and treatment (x2=5.408, P<0.05) in females were higher than those in males, and both increased with age (awareness: trend x2=30.428, P<0.05; treatment: trend x2=33.771, P<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis indicated that the rates of awareness in patients with current smoking (OR=0.75, 95%CI: 0.57-0.98) and alcohol consumption (OR=0.77, 95% CI: 0.60-0.98) were low. The rates of treatment in patients with annual family income of 5,000-9,999 yuan (OR=0.57, 95%CI: 0.34-0.94), 10,000-19,999 yuan (OR=0.66, 95%CI: 0.44-0.98) and alcohol consumption (OR=0.72, 95%CI: 0.56-0.93) were low. The rate of control in patients with dyslipidemia (OR=0.68, 95%CI: 0.52-0.90) was low. Conclusion The awareness, treatment, and control of diabetes mellitus for urban residents aged 40 and older in Liaoning are at a low level. Therefore, it is urgent to promote publicity and education on health in urban areas, further improve residents’ consciousness of diabetes mellitus, and consolidate the effect of comprehensive management on diabetes mellitus in order to reduce the burden of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases caused by it.