中部某综合性大学医学生睡眠状况动态调查及影响因素研究

目的 动态评估医学生睡眠质量及其影响因素变化，为改善医学生睡眠质量提供依据。方法 采用分层整群抽样，利用自编《医学生睡眠影响因素调查表》和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（Pittsburgh sleep quality index， PSQI）量表对中国中部某综合性大学医学院各年级学生于学期初、中、末进行调查，采用线性回归分析探究影响医学生PSQI评分的因素，并按性别、年级进行分层分析，采用广义估计方程评价学期不同时段影响睡眠的因素。结果 最终1 631人次纳入研究。其中男生932人次，女生699人次。学期初、中、末PSQI评分为（4.79±2.24）、（4.65±2.21）和（4.90±2.34），平均为（4.78±2.26），总体睡眠障碍（PSQI≥7）率为19.0%，三次调查显示男生睡眠状况优于女生（P值均＜0.05）。广义回归方程分析显示医学生睡眠质量主要与午睡情况、压力、睡前电子产品使用及认知、情绪及寝室睡眠环境有关。结论 医学生睡眠障碍发生率高，影响医学生睡眠质量的因素主要为午睡情况、压力、睡前电子产品使用及认知、情绪及寝室睡眠环境。

Dynamic investigation on sleep quality and influencing factors of medical students in a comprehensive university in central China

Objective To dynamically assess the changes of sleep quality and its influencing factors among medical students, so as to provide the reference for improving sleep quality. Methods By stratified cluster sampling, the Questionnaires for Factors Affecting Medical Students Sleep compiled by ourselves and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) were used to respectively scale the sleep quality of medical college students in each grade at the beginning, middle, and end of the semester in a comprehensive university in central China. Linear regression analysis was used to explore the factors affecting medical students’ PSQI scores, and stratified analysis was conducted according to gender and grade. Generalized estimation equation (GEE) was used to evaluate the factors affecting sleep in different periods of the semester. Results A total of 1 631 students were enrolled in the study, including 932 male students and 699 female students. The survey showed that PSQI scores at the beginning, middle, and end of the semester were 4.79±2.24, 4.65±2.21, and 4.90±2.34 with an average of 4.78±2.26. The total sleep disorder rate (PSQI≥7) was 19.0%, and the sleep status of male students was better than that of female students (P≤0.05). The results of generalized regression equation showed that the main factors affecting the sleep quality of medical students were napping condition, stress, use and cognition of electronic products before sleeping, mood, and dormitory sleep environment. Conclusion The incidence of sleep disorders in medical students is high. The main factors affecting the sleep quality of medical students are napping condition, stress, use and cognition of electronic products before sleeping, mood, and dormitory sleep environment.